Center for Suicide Research and Prevention

自杀是世界范围内的主要死因之一，也是美国的第十大死因。一位少校 防止自杀的障碍是过去发生的尖端科学进步 几十年来还没有转化和实施到临床实践环境中。我们建议 建立一个以实践为基础的自杀研究和预防中心，以支持 制定、部署和评估可实施的干预措施和注重部署的干预措施，旨在 改进对有自杀风险的人的识别和有效治疗。该中心将是一个协作性的 麻省总医院(MGB)和哈佛大学的研究人员、临床医生和利益相关者之间的努力 大学。我们的重点是改善对自杀相关行为(SRB)的识别和预防 在急诊科和精神科住院治疗的患者中。 几十年的研究表明，50%的自杀死亡者在医疗保健环境中 40%的人在去世前一个月去看急诊室，自杀率在 在精神病院住院出院后的几周内。我们的首要目标是建造和 保持一个具有凝聚力和创新性的跨学科中心，致力于推进自杀预防。这 将通过我们提议的行政核心和方法核心的工作来完成。我们的第二个目标 是进行四个以实践为重点的研究项目，目标是预测和预防自杀行为 急诊室和住院部。我们的签名项目(SIG)将实现之前开发的机器学习 基于电子健康记录(EHR)和自报数据的预测算法 随机分配4,000名患者的临床医生接受(实验条件)或不接受(对照 条件)他们的病人在ED出院后企图自杀的预测概率。我们将测试 这项干预对自杀未遂率和临床医生决策的影响。SIG还将 检查临床医生的可接受性和依从性，预测模型的改进，以及 关于患者从住院中受益的可能性与替代方案的治疗优化规则 治疗。我们的三个探索性项目(EXP)：(EXP1)将使用SIG预测模型来识别边缘 有自杀行为风险的患者并通过实验测试加强外展的有效性 与波士顿撒马利亚人社区伙伴合作实施的干预措施；(EXP2)将 在两个住院病房实施和测试基于EHR的风险算法，特别关注社交网络的使用 健康决定因素，以改善代表性不足的青少年的预测；以及(EXP3)将测试 使用创新的微随机试验设计进行适时适应性干预以连接高危患者 在最需要的时候小心翼翼。该中心的第三个目标是支持教育、传播和 将对预防自杀产生重大和持久影响的执行努力。

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and the 10th leading cause of death in the US. A major barrier to suicide prevention has been that the cutting-edge scientific advances that have occurred in the past few decades have not yet been translated and implemented into clinical practice settings. We propose the development of a practice-based Center for Suicide Research and Prevention (CSRP) that will support the development, deployment, and evaluation of practice-ready and deployment-focused interventions aimed at improving the identification and effective treatment of those at risk of suicide. This Center will be a collaborative effort between researchers, clinicians, and stakeholders at Mass General Brigham (MGB) and Harvard University. Our focus is on improving the identification and prevention of suicide-related behaviors (SRBs) among patients presenting for treatment at emergency departments (EDs) and psychiatric inpatient units. Decades of research have shown that 50% of people who die by suicide are seen in a healthcare setting within one month before their death, 40% visit an ED the year before their death, and the suicide rate is highest in the weeks immediately following discharge from a psychiatric inpatient hospitalization. Our first aim is to build and maintain a cohesive and innovative transdisciplinary Center dedicated to advancing suicide prevention. This will be accomplished via the work of our proposed Administrative Core and Methods Core. Our second aim is to conduct four practice-focused research projects that target prediction and prevention of suicidal behaviors in ED and inpatient settings. Our Signature Project (SIG) will implement a previously-develop machine learning prediction algorithm based on electronic health record (EHR) and self-report data collected in the ED and randomly assign the clinicians of 4,000 patients to receive (experimental condition) or not receive (control condition) the predicted probability that their patient will make a suicide attempt after ED discharge. We will test the impact of this intervention on the suicide attempt rate and clinician decision-making. The SIG also will examine clinician acceptability and adherence, prediction model improvement, and the development of treatment optimization rules regarding patients' likelihood of benefiting from hospitalization versus alternative treatments. Our three Exploratory Projects (EXP): (EXP1) will use the SIG prediction model to identify ED patients at risk of suicidal behavior and experimentally test the effectiveness of an enhanced outreach intervention administered in collaboration with a community partner – Samaritans of Boston; (EXP2) will implement and test EHR-based risk algorithms in two inpatient units with a special focus on the use of social determinants of health to improve prediction among under-represented adolescents; and (EXP3) will test a just-in-time adaptive intervention using an innovative micro-randomized trial design to connect at-risk patients with care when needed most. The third aim of the Center is to support education, dissemination, and implementation efforts that will have a significant and sustained effect on suicide prevention.