3D Functional Photoacoustic Imaging of Human Brain with a Stretchable Ultrasound Matrix Array

使用可拉伸超声矩阵阵列对人脑进行 3D 功能光声成像

• 批准号: 10252441
• 负责人: Yun Jing
• 金额: $ 86.74万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-05 至 2024-09-04
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10252441
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Acoustics; Address; Adopted; Aging; Algorithms; Anatomy; Animal Model; Architecture; Bathing; Biological; Biological Markers; Brain; Brain imaging; Clinical; Cognitive; Coupling; Data; Detection; Development; Disease; Elements; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Geometry; Goals; Grant; Head; Heterogeneity; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; Imaging technology; Ionizing radiation; Light; Methods; Modeling; Molecular Conformation; Motion; Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; Neurosciences Research; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optics; Penetration; Performance; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Research; Resolution; Scalp structure; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Speed; Stretching; Sulfur; Surface; System; Technology; Time; Tissues; Transducers; Ultrasonic Transducer; Ultrasonics; Ultrasonography; Water; X-Ray Computed Tomography; absorption; anatomic imaging; base; cost; cranium; design and construction; human imaging; human subject; image reconstruction; imaging approach; imaging capabilities; imaging modality; imaging system; improved; innovation; interest; molecular imaging; next generation; non-invasive imaging; nonhuman primate; novel; operation; optical fiber; optical imaging; optoacoustic tomography; photoacoustic imaging; reconstruction; response; sound; temporal measurement; translational neuroscience; two photon microscopy

Abstract Many scientific efforts have been devoted to understanding the brain functions, and the relevance of its dynamics during development, aging, and in diseased conditions. Alterations of the brain functions can result from multifactorial processes and be reflected by various biomarkers. The ability to quantify these changes at multiple scales will improve our understanding of brain anatomical and functional architectures, and the relations between these networks in both normal and diseased conditions. By virtue of the rich optical absorption contrast, high spatial and temporal resolutions, and relatively deep penetration, photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is a promising imaging modality that can address the limitations of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional optical imaging for humans. There are major challenges associated with the skull that need to be addressed before PAT can be adopted to functional human brain imaging. The human skull severely distorts the photoacoustic (PA) signals, giving rise to suboptimal images. The standard approach to mitigate the distortion is to use CT-scans of the skull in concert with an image reconstruction method that considers the heterogeneity of the speed of sound. In addition, conventional ultrasound arrays are rigid and therefore cannot conform to the curvature of the skull. This creates a major challenge for efficient tissue-transducer coupling. Here, we propose to develop an ultrasound image- based approach for skull phase correction, which would eliminate the need of CT scans as well as image co- registration. To address the tissue-transducer coupling issue, we propose to use a stretchable matrix array that can seamlessly conform to the skull’s non-developable surface. Optical fibers will be integrated with the array to provide contact light delivery. The specific tasks to be completed during this grant period are: First, develop, fabricate, and characterize a 256-element stretchable sparse matrix array, second, numerically verify our phase correction and imaging algorithms, third, assess the array and algorithms experimentally using head-mimicking phantoms. At the end of this project we would have confirmed the performance of the stretchable matrix array and the accuracy of the phase correction and imaging algorithms. The preliminary results obtained from this proof-of- concept project will provide the basis upon which we can expand the size of the array and the number of elements to 1024. Such an array will offer a wide field of view for probing human brain functions and will be evaluated on human subjects.

摘要 许多科学努力都致力于了解大脑的功能及其动力学的相关性。 在发育、衰老和患病的条件下。大脑功能的改变可能会导致 多因素作用，并可由各种生物标志物反映。能够在多个方面量化这些变化 规模将提高我们对大脑解剖和功能结构的理解，以及它们之间的关系 这些网络处于正常和患病状态。凭借丰富的光吸收对比度，高 空间和时间分辨率，以及相对较深的穿透性，光声层析成像(PAT)是一种很有前途的 可以解决功能磁共振成像(FMRI)和功能磁共振成像的局限性的成像方式 用于人类的光学成像。 在采用PAT之前，需要解决与头骨相关的主要挑战 人脑功能成像技术。人类头骨严重扭曲光声(PA)信号，导致 不太理想的图像。减轻变形的标准方法是同时使用头骨的CT扫描 提出了一种考虑声速异质性的图像重建方法。此外, 传统的超声阵列是刚性的，因此不能符合头骨的曲率。这将创建 有效的组织-换能器耦合的主要挑战。在这里，我们建议开发一种超声图像- 基于此的颅骨位相校正方法，消除了CT扫描和图像协同的需要 注册。为了解决组织-换能器耦合问题，我们建议使用可伸展的矩阵阵列 可以无缝地与头骨不可展开的表面接合。光纤将与阵列集成，以 提供接触式灯光投递。在这一赠款期间要完成的具体任务是：第一，开发， 制作了256元可伸缩稀疏矩阵阵列，并对其进行了表征；其次，对我们的相位进行了数值验证 校正和成像算法，第三，使用模拟头部对阵列和算法进行实验评估 幻影。 在本项目结束时，我们将确认可扩展矩阵阵列和 相位校正和成像算法的精度。从这一证明中获得的初步结果-- 概念项目将为我们提供扩展数组大小和元素数量的基础 到1024。这样的阵列将为探测人脑功能提供广阔的视野，并将在 人类受试者。