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Understanding the neural basis of social attachment

了解社会依恋的神经基础

基本信息

批准号：
10599715
负责人：
Devanand Sadanand Manoli
金额：
$ 9.03万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-01 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10599715
关键词：
3-Dimensional Adult Agonistic Behavior Amygdaloid structure Animal Model Animals Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Assay Biological Assay Cells Clinical Trials Complex Continuing Education Data Detection Female Gene Expression Generations Genetic Hormone use Human Lateral Manuals Medial Mediating Mediator of activation protein Medical Medicine Mental disorders Microtus Mutation Neurons Neurosciences Nucleus Accumbens Optics Other Genetics Oxytocin Oxytocin Receptor Pair Bond Partner in relationship Pathway interactions Pattern Phase Play Population Posture Process Rodent Role Signal Transduction Social Behavior Social Interaction Stimulus Testing Time Training Vasopressins Viral Work affiliative behavior behavior influence career computer science design experience gene function genetic analysis improved insight loss of function mutation male mouse genetics neural patterning neuropsychiatric disorder neuropsychiatry neuroregulation novel novel therapeutic intervention parent grant peptide hormone prairie vole preference receptor receptor function relating to nervous system response sex social social attachment social cognition social organization

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY This supplement is designed to provide the applicant with experience and training in experimental neuroscience so that she may best integrate her background in computer science with her intended career in neuroscience and medicine. Social attachments form the basis of human relationships at every level of social organization. Disruptions in attachment occur across the spectrum of mental illness, and severe neuropsychiatric disorders often manifest with a dramatic collapse of social attachment and cognition. Despite this critical role of social attachment, little is known regarding the neural and genetic mechanisms underlying attachment. Mice and other genetic model organisms do not exhibit enduring social attachments, precluding genetic analysis of these behaviors. Prairie voles are small rodents that display social monogamy, or pair bonds, between mates. Pair bond formation results in dramatic changes to many other innate social behaviors. Thus, prairie voles engage in a rich repertoire of social behaviors that strikingly mirror attachment in humans. Pioneering work identified the peptide hormones vasopressin (Avp) and oxytocin (Oxt), as critical mediators of pair bonding in voles and social cognition and behaviors in humans. These findings suggest that the genetics and neural control of social attachment may be conserved, and indeed, have inspired clinical trials seeking to use these hormones to ameliorate disruptions in social cognition due to neuropsychiatric conditions. Nevertheless, how these pathways and other genes function to control specific aspects of complex social behaviors remains unknown. Until now, we have been unable to understand how OxtR and V1aR function to control patterns of neural activity in response to partners or strangers. We have generated prairie voles bearing mutations in OxtR and V1aR that completely eliminate the function of these receptors, and determined, strikingly, that OxtR is not required for pair bonding, but facilitates partner preference and sex-specifically controls prosocial behavior with strangers. Thus, a more refined understanding of the behavioral processes underlying social attachment may provide new insights into the pathways that mediate affiliation. This supplement is designed to provide training for the applicant in experimental neuroscience to facilitate her continuing education prepare her for her intended graduate and medical career. Here we propose to optimize and implement unbiased automated behavioral tracking and detection to understand the behavioral modules that facilitate pair bonding, and determine how activation of specific populations of OxtR neurons influences these behaviors. These studies will elucidate the mechanisms by which OxtR and V1aR facilitate attachment and, eventually, inform new therapeutic approaches across the spectrum of mental illness.

项目总结