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Mechanisms of inflammation-triggered taste loss and its recovery

炎症引发的味觉丧失及其恢复机制

基本信息

批准号：
10599864
负责人：
Hong Wang
金额：
$ 34.88万
依托单位：
MONELL CHEMICAL SENSES CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-04-01 至 2026-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10599864
关键词：
Affect Ageusia Animal Model Autoimmune Diseases Autoimmunity Body Weight decreased COVID-19 COVID-19 patient Cell Death Cell Death Induction Cells Diagnosis Disease Disease model Epithelium Event Exhibits Functional disorder Future Goals Health High Prevalence Immune Immune system Infection Infiltration Inflammation Inflammation Process Inflammatory Inflammatory Response Injury Interferon Gamma Receptor Complex Interferon Type II Invaded Investigation Knowledge Link Malnutrition Mediating Mental Depression Modeling Molecular Mouse Strains Mus Natural regeneration Pathogen detection Pathway interactions Patients Perception Play Positioning Attribute Prevention Process Quality of life Reaction Receptor Cell Recovery Research Research Personnel Resolution Respiratory System Role SARS-CoV-2 infection Sensory Signal Pathway Signal Transduction Signaling Molecule Symptoms Taste Bud Cell Taste Buds Taste Disorders Taste Perception Testing Tissues Toll-like receptors Transgenic Mice Transgenic Organisms Viral Viral Respiratory Tract Infection Virus Diseases clinically relevant cytokine effective therapy experience immune activation immune cell infiltrate influenza infection influenzavirus insight novel strategies pathogen prevent public health relevance receptor respiratory virus response stem cells tissue regeneration tissue repair tongue papilla

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Taste loss can lead to malnutrition, weight loss, and depression. In addition, changes in taste are a symptom of poor health. This cyclical relationship between taste and health highlights the importance of research aimed at understanding taste loss in both health and disease. Research on taste loss will provide new approaches in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease. It is well-documented that infections and autoimmune conditions are accompanied by changes in chemosensory perception including changes in taste. However, currently we know little about how taste bud regeneration is regulated, and there is no effective treatment for taste loss. Our recent research indicates that inflammation, characterized by induction of inflammatory cytokines and infiltration and activation of immune cells, contributes significantly to taste dysfunction. We hypothesize that inflammation, particularly through the action of the inflammatory cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ), contributes to taste loss by inducing cell death and inhibiting taste bud cell renewal, and that resolution of inflammation promotes taste bud regeneration. IFN-γ can be produced by various types of immune and nonimmune cells in response to infections and autoimmunity. Its levels in taste tissues are markedly increased in an autoimmune disease model with taste loss. Yet, whether IFN-γ directly contributes to taste loss has not been determined. In this project, we propose to investigate the role of inflammation, especially IFN-γ, in taste loss using both a transgenic approach and a clinically relevant respiratory viral infection model. We will then use these taste loss models to study the mechanisms of taste bud regeneration. This research will test mechanistic hypotheses of how inflammation and infection cause taste loss, and how taste responses recover. To underscore the importance of research investigating the link between inflammation, disease, and taste loss, a considerable number of COVID-19 patients experience taste dysfunction. Although most cases of taste loss are temporary, including taste loss associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, long-term taste loss can occur in some patients. Thus, insights from this research will be informative to better understand taste loss in general, as well as taste loss associated with COVID-19.

项目总结