Spectro-temporal interactions in electric and acoustic auditory perception

电和声听觉感知中的谱时相互作用

• 批准号: 10614307
• 负责人: Andrew J. Oxenham
• 金额: $ 8.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10614307
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Age; Aging; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Behavioral; Cochlear Implants; Code; Cues; Elderly; Environment; Goals; Hearing Aids; Implant; Individual Differences; Lead; Linguistics; Measures; Noise; Outcome; Patients; Perception; Peripheral; Persons; Population; Property; Psychoacoustics; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Sampling; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Technology; Testing; Training; Voice; auditory processing; experience; hearing impairment; improved; insight; normal hearing; performance based measurement; rehabilitation strategy; relating to nervous system; signal processing; treatment strategy

Despite considerable progress in cochlear implant (CI) technology over the past three decades, speech perception via a CI remains considerably poorer than with normal hearing (NH), particularly in noisy backgrounds. Similar difficulties, although often to a lesser extent, are experienced by hearing-impaired (HI) listeners, whose hearing loss is not severe enough to warrant a CI, even after hearing-aid fitting. The long-term goal of this research is to improve auditory and speech perception via CIs and hearing aids, through a greater understanding of the basic mechanisms that contribute to, and limit, the perception of speech in challenging acoustic conditions. This goal is addressed through three specific aims. The first aim is to combine behavioral and non-invasive neural measures to better understand auditory context effects in NH, HI, and CI populations. Context effects are a crucial part of our perceptual experience, and help to maintain perceptual constancy – the ability to recognize objects, voices, and words, in the face of different room acoustics, talker properties, and varying background noise. Little is known about how context effects are altered by aging, hearing loss, or CIs. The second aim is to study acoustic and linguistic context effects in speech, and to understand how age and hearing loss interact with this important class of context effects. The third aim is to understand the peripheral and more central contributions to individual differences in the outcomes of CI users. It is often assumed that peripheral and implant-related factors can explain a significant proportion of the variance in CI outcomes. This aim will provide a direct test of the assumption by comparing the variability among CI users with the estimated population variance among younger and older NH listeners under degraded listening conditions in both psychoacoustic and speech-based measures of performance, using larger samples than have been tested in the past. Overall, the results will provide new insights into the spectro-temporal processing of auditory and speech stimuli by NH, HI, and CI populations that will help in the treatment and rehabilitation strategies for people with hearing loss. Treatments include the incorporation of missing context effects that assist perception in varying acoustic conditions via signal processing in hearing aids and CIs, and rehabilitation may include training strategies that accelerate the ability of HI and CI patients to utilize linguistic context cues in everyday conversational environments.

尽管在过去的三十年中，人工耳蜗技术（CI）技术取得了很大进展，演讲 通过CI的感知仍然比正常听力（NH）要小心差，尤其是在嘈杂的 背景。类似的困难，尽管通常在较小程度上是通过听力受损（HI）经历的 听众的听力损失不够严重，即使在听力辅助之后也要保证CI。长期 这项研究的目标是通过更大 理解对挑战中对语音的看法的基本机制 声学条件。这个目标是通过三个特定目标来解决的。第一个目的是结合行为 和非侵入性神经措施，以更好地了解NH，HI和CI种群中听觉上下文的影响。 上下文效应是我们感知经验的关键部分，并有助于维持感知的恒定性 - 面对不同房间声学，谈话者属性和 不同的背景噪音。关于如何通过老龄化，听力损失或顺式改变上下文效应的了解知之甚少。 第二个目的是研究语音中的声学和语言环境影响，并了解年龄和年龄 听力损失与这种重要类别的上下文效果相互作用。第三个目的是了解外围 以及对CI用户结果的个体差异的更多核心贡献。经常假定 外围和植入物相关因素可以解释CI结果方差的很大比例。这 AIM将通过比较CI用户的可变性与估计的可变性来直接测试该假设 在降低的听力条件下，年轻和年龄较大的NH听众之间的人口差异 使用更大的样本比在 过去。总体而言，结果将为听觉的光谱处理处理提供新的见解 NH，HI和CI种群的语音刺激将有助于治疗和康复策略 听力损失的人。治疗包括有助于感知的合并上下文效果 在不同的声学条件下，通过助听器和顺式中的信号处理，康复可能包括 培训策略每天都会加速HI和CI患者使用语言上下文提示的能力 会话环境。