Active Growth, Active Life: Eliminating Biomechanical Barriers to Physical Activity through Growth-Period Exercise

积极成长，积极生活：通过生长期锻炼消除身体活动的生物力学障碍

• 批准号: 10615759
• 负责人: Stephen J Piazza
• 金额: $ 54.16万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-29 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10615759
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Anatomy; Animal Model; Animals; Architecture; Behavior; Biological Models; Biomechanics; Birds; Bone structure; Childhood; Chronic; Computer Simulation; Control Groups; Disease; Dose; Environment; Ethics; Excision; Exercise; Exhibits; Goals; Growth; Guinea; Habits; Health; Health Care Costs; Human; Individual; Intervention; Joints; Knowledge; Life; Link; Longevity; Mechanics; Metabolic; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Morphology; Movement; Mus; Muscle; Musculoskeletal; Musculoskeletal Development; Musculoskeletal System; Musculoskeletal structure; Nature; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Persons; Physical activity; Physiological; Population; Public Health; Quality of life; Reaction Time; Recommendation; Research; Structure; Tendon structure; Testing; Tissues; Work; Writing; bone; critical period; early onset; evidence base; exercise capacity; exercise prescription; exercise training; experimental study; improved; mortality; muscular structure; pandemic disease; physical inactivity; postnatal; response; sedentary lifestyle; stem

PROJECT SUMMARY Physical inactivity is a grave public health concern as a primary contributor to disease and mortality that also imposes a massive burden in terms of health costs. Addressing these problems requires the removal of barriers to physical activity, including biomechanical barriers originating within our own bodies. Humans and non-human animals alike are more active in adulthood when they have had a more active childhood, but the reasons for this are not well understood. We propose that physical activity during childhood promotes healthy development of musculoskeletal structure that reduces the effort associated with movement, thus predisposing adults to physical activity throughout their lifetimes. Previous work, including our own recent studies using an avian animal model, supports this idea: The structure of muscles and bones has been shown to adapt to loading that accompanies activity, and this plastic adaptation is especially pronounced during the growth period. Further, there is evidence that animals with limited early-life activity have altered muscle mechanical advantage and exhibit less spontaneous activity as adults. The purpose of the work proposed in this R01 application is to explore these connections between structure, function, and behavior using a rigorous multi- level experimental approach that spans tissue-level analysis, locomotor analysis, and behavior analysis in avian (guinea fowl) and mammalian (mouse) animal models, each of which offers distinct advantages. Specifically, we will: (1) investigate the dose of early-life exercise necessary to produce lasting changes in musculoskeletal structure, locomotor function, and adult behavior; (2) study the effects of the timing of exercise onset in childhood on these outcomes; and (3) examine whether there are special benefits for early-life physical activity in relation to adult-onset exercise. If successful, this work will change our understanding of the factors influencing physical activity behavior, directly informing new interventions that improve activity-related health throughout the lifespan.

项目总结 缺乏运动是一个严重的公共卫生问题，因为它是疾病和死亡的主要贡献者，也 在医疗成本方面造成了巨大的负担。解决这些问题需要移除 身体活动的障碍，包括源于我们自己身体的生物力学障碍。人类和 非人类的动物在成年时都更活跃，因为它们的童年更活跃，但 造成这种情况的原因还不是很清楚。我们认为，儿童时期的体育活动能促进健康 肌肉骨骼结构的发展，减少了与运动相关的努力，因此易于 成年人一生都要进行体育锻炼。以前的工作，包括我们自己最近使用 鸟类动物模型，支持这一观点：肌肉和骨骼的结构已被证明适应 这种负荷伴随着活动，这种可塑性适应在生长过程中尤其明显 句号。此外，有证据表明，早期活动有限的动物已经改变了肌肉机械性能。 优势和表现出较少的自发活动作为成年人。本R01中提出的工作目的 应用程序是探索结构、功能和行为之间的这些联系，使用严格的 横跨组织水平分析、运动分析和行为分析的水平实验方法 鸟类(珍珠鸡)和哺乳动物(小鼠)动物模型，每种模型都有明显的优势。 具体地说，我们将：(1)调查产生持久变化所需的早期生活锻炼的剂量 肌肉骨骼结构、运动功能和成人行为；(2)研究运动时机的影响 对这些结果的影响；以及(3)检查早期生活是否有特殊的益处 与成人运动相关的体力活动。如果成功，这项工作将改变我们对 影响身体活动行为的因素，直接告知改善活动相关的新干预措施 终生健康。