Structural Racism and Adverse Birth Outcomes in the US South: A Multigenerational Perspective (Diversity Supplement)

摘要 候选人：候选人是一名流行病学家，在环境对孕产妇和新生儿的影响方面具有专业知识。 儿童保健。她正在申请NIMHD补充，以促进健康相关研究的多样性 （多样性补充）根据父母补助金，"美国南部的结构性种族主义和不利的出生结果：A 多代视角"（1R01MD016046 - 01）。候选人寻求社会方面的专门培训 流行病学，环境正义宣传和统计建模方法，以支持她的发展 成为一名独立的研究人员，研究社会和环境驱动因素之间的关系， 不良生育后果。她的目标是使用跨学科的方法来提高对 复杂的因素和导致健康差距的途径，并最终与 社区倡导研究知情的环境正义解决方案，以解决妇幼保健的驱动因素 健康差距。研究背景：这项工作扩大了父母补助金的范围， 多代空气污染暴露之间的关联差异，部分原因可能是 结构性种族主义造成的歧视性做法和不利的生育结果。结构性种族主义是 据报告，这是空气污染分布不均匀的一个关键驱动因素，并可能在观察到的种族和 不利生育结果的种族差异。政策，如红线，一个过时的政策，用于分类 社区，随后被贷款人用作投资资格的衡量标准，可能是一个驱动因素， 空气污染和不良出生结果之间的关系。虽然红线在1968年结束， 影响一直存在，并证明了红线社区和选址之间的关联， 污染源，如工业设施和道路。研究目标：这项工作将补充 通过增加另一种结构性种族主义措施，并允许更广泛地了解其 造成不良生育结果的差异。研究计划：来自母研究的数据（南 卡罗莱纳1989 - 2020年的多代关联出生数据）将用于生成人口普查区水平 为祖母和母亲提供产前空气污染数据，以研究多代人之间的关系 非西班牙裔白色和非西班牙裔黑人的空气污染暴露和不良出生结果 家庭职业发展目标：通过教学和体验活动，这项工作将使 候选人获得社会流行病学，环境正义和统计建模方面的专业技能 支持其发展的方法。环境：候选人将在一个 由社会流行病学、环境流行病学和生物统计学领域的杰出领导人支持。 密歇根大学和公共卫生学院的特殊资源确保候选人 能够成功地实施拟议的工作，并为获得未来的R01资金奠定基础， 关于不利生育结果差异的环境和社会驱动因素的独立研究。

ABSTRACT Candidate: The candidate is an epidemiologist with expertise in environmental influences on maternal and child health (MCH). She is applying for the NIMHD supplement to promote diversity in health-related research (diversity supplement) under parent grant, “Structural racism and adverse birth outcomes in the US South: A multigenerational perspective” (1R01MD016046-01). The candidate seeks specialized training in social epidemiology, environmental justice advocacy and statistical modeling methods to support her development into an independent researcher who examines relationships between social and environmental drivers of adverse birth outcomes. Her goals are to use an interdisciplinary approach to improve understanding of the complex factors and the resulting pathways that contribute to health disparities and ultimately, partner with communities to advocate for research-informed environmental justice solutions to address drivers of MCH health disparities. Research context: This work extends the scope of the parent grant by examining racial differences in associations between multi-generational air pollution exposure, which may in part result from discriminatory practices stemming from structural racism, and adverse birth outcomes. Structural racism is reported to be a key driver of the uneven distribution of air pollution and may play a role in observed racial and ethnic disparities in adverse birth outcomes. Policies such as redlining, an outdated policy used to classify neighborhoods and subsequently used as an investment eligibility measure by lenders, may be a driving factor in the hypothesized air pollution and adverse birth outcomes relationship. Although redlining ended in 1968, its impact has persisted and is evidenced by associations between redlined neighborhoods and the siting of pollution sources such as industrial facilities and roadways. Research objectives: This work will complement the parent grant by adding another measure of structural racism and allow for a broader understanding of its contributions to disparities in adverse birth outcomes. Research plan: Data from the parent study (South Carolina multigenerational linked birth data from 1989-2020) will be used to generate census tract level prenatal air pollution data for grandmothers and mothers to examine associations between multi-generational air pollution exposure and adverse birth outcomes among Non-Hispanic White and Non-Hispanic Black families. Career development goals: Through didactic and experiential activities, this work will enable the candidate to acquire specialized skills in social epidemiology, environmental justice and statistical modeling methods to support her development. Environment: The candidate will conduct the proposed activities in a setting supported by eminent leaders in social epidemiology, environmental epidemiology, and biostatistics. Exceptional resources at the University of Michigan and the School of Public Health ensure that the candidate can successfully implement the proposed work and lay the foundation to acquire future R01 funding to conduct independent research on environmental and social drivers of disparities in adverse birth outcomes.