Structural Racism and Adverse Birth Outcomes in the US South: A Multigenerational Perspective (Diversity Supplement)

摘要 应聘者：应聘者是流行病学家，在环境对母婴的影响方面有专长 儿童健康(MCH)。她正在申请NIMHD补充剂，以促进健康相关研究的多样性 (多样性补充)在父母赠款项下，“结构性种族主义和美国南部的不利生育后果：a 多代观点“(1R01MD016046-01)。应聘者寻求在社会领域的专门培训 支持她发展的流行病学、环境正义倡导和统计建模方法 成为一名独立研究人员，研究社会和环境驱动因素之间的关系 不良的分娩结局。她的目标是使用跨学科的方法来提高对 造成健康差距的复杂因素和由此产生的途径，并最终与 社区倡导以研究为基础的环境正义解决方案，以解决妇幼保健的驱动因素 健康差距。研究背景：这项工作通过审查种族问题扩大了父母补助的范围 几代人的空气污染暴露之间的联系差异，这可能部分是由于 结构性种族主义和不利的生育后果造成的歧视性做法。结构性种族主义是 据报道是空气污染分布不均的关键驱动因素，并可能在观察到的种族和 不良生育结果方面的种族差异。政策，如红线，一种过时的政策，用于分类 社区并随后被贷款人用作投资资格衡量标准，可能是一个驱动因素 在假设的空气污染和不良生育结局的关系中。尽管红线在1968年结束，但它的 影响一直存在，红线社区和选址之间的联系就是明证 工业设施、道路等污染源。研究目标：这项工作将是对 家长通过增加另一种结构性种族主义措施来给予赠款，并允许更广泛地了解其 造成不良生育结果差异的原因。研究计划：来自母公司研究的数据(南方 将使用卡罗莱纳州从到2020年的多代关联出生数据)来生成人口普查区级 产前空气污染数据用于检查祖母和母亲多代人之间的关联 非西班牙裔白人和非西班牙裔黑人的空气污染暴露与不良出生结局 家人。职业发展目标：通过指导性和体验性活动，这项工作将使 获得社会流行病学、环境正义和统计建模方面专门技能的候选人 支持她发展的方法。环境：候选人将在一个 背景由社会流行病学、环境流行病学和生物统计学方面的杰出领导人支持。 密歇根大学和公共卫生学院的特殊资源确保候选人 能够顺利实施拟开展的工作，并为今后获得R01资金进行奠定基础 关于不良生育结果差异的环境和社会驱动因素的独立研究。

ABSTRACT Candidate: The candidate is an epidemiologist with expertise in environmental influences on maternal and child health (MCH). She is applying for the NIMHD supplement to promote diversity in health-related research (diversity supplement) under parent grant, “Structural racism and adverse birth outcomes in the US South: A multigenerational perspective” (1R01MD016046-01). The candidate seeks specialized training in social epidemiology, environmental justice advocacy and statistical modeling methods to support her development into an independent researcher who examines relationships between social and environmental drivers of adverse birth outcomes. Her goals are to use an interdisciplinary approach to improve understanding of the complex factors and the resulting pathways that contribute to health disparities and ultimately, partner with communities to advocate for research-informed environmental justice solutions to address drivers of MCH health disparities. Research context: This work extends the scope of the parent grant by examining racial differences in associations between multi-generational air pollution exposure, which may in part result from discriminatory practices stemming from structural racism, and adverse birth outcomes. Structural racism is reported to be a key driver of the uneven distribution of air pollution and may play a role in observed racial and ethnic disparities in adverse birth outcomes. Policies such as redlining, an outdated policy used to classify neighborhoods and subsequently used as an investment eligibility measure by lenders, may be a driving factor in the hypothesized air pollution and adverse birth outcomes relationship. Although redlining ended in 1968, its impact has persisted and is evidenced by associations between redlined neighborhoods and the siting of pollution sources such as industrial facilities and roadways. Research objectives: This work will complement the parent grant by adding another measure of structural racism and allow for a broader understanding of its contributions to disparities in adverse birth outcomes. Research plan: Data from the parent study (South Carolina multigenerational linked birth data from 1989-2020) will be used to generate census tract level prenatal air pollution data for grandmothers and mothers to examine associations between multi-generational air pollution exposure and adverse birth outcomes among Non-Hispanic White and Non-Hispanic Black families. Career development goals: Through didactic and experiential activities, this work will enable the candidate to acquire specialized skills in social epidemiology, environmental justice and statistical modeling methods to support her development. Environment: The candidate will conduct the proposed activities in a setting supported by eminent leaders in social epidemiology, environmental epidemiology, and biostatistics. Exceptional resources at the University of Michigan and the School of Public Health ensure that the candidate can successfully implement the proposed work and lay the foundation to acquire future R01 funding to conduct independent research on environmental and social drivers of disparities in adverse birth outcomes.