Functional consequences of heterotypic retinal ganglion cell coupling

异型视网膜神经节细胞耦合的功能后果

• 批准号: 10613954
• 负责人: Gregory William Schwartz
• 金额: $ 36万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10613954
• 关键词: Ablation; Affect; Architecture; Auditory system; Axon; BRAIN initiative; Brain; Brain region; Cells; Chemicals; Closure by clamp; Communication; Complement; Coupled; Coupling; Elements; Exhibits; Gap Junctions; Glutamates; Goals; Light; Mammals; Maps; Measures; Membrane Potentials; Mus; Names; Neurons; Noise; Output; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Positioning Attribute; Recurrence; Research; Resolution; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Role; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Site; Stimulus; Structure; Synapses; Techniques; Testing; Time; Visual; Work; cell type; design; experimental study; insight; neural; neural circuit; novel; pharmacologic; preservation; receptive field; response; transmission process; voltage clamp

Neurons communicate using both chemical transmission at traditional synapses and electrical transmission through gap junctions. Electrical transmission is well studied in the mammalian retina, where gap junctions exist between all five major classes of neurons. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the output cells of the retina, comprise ~40 functional types in mammals. Gap junctional coupling among RGCs has always been described as “homotypic,” that is, between RGCs of the same type. We have discovered, for the first time, heterotypic electrical coupling in the mouse retina, between two RGCs of different types, called F-miniON and F-miniOFF RGCs. The existence of heterotypic RGC coupling breaks the rule of functional parallelism between RGC channels and requires new ideas about the role of coupling in retinal computation. This project aims to explore the functional role of heterotypic RGC coupling in the F-mini network through two specific aims. In Aim 1 we will determine whether coupling between F-miniON and F-miniOFF RGCs creates a novel pathway for mixing ON and OFF signals in the inner retina. In Aim 2 we will determine which features of moving stimuli are encoded by synchronized spiking between F-miniON and F-miniOFF RGCs. The proposed studies will advance our understanding of how chemical and electrical synaptic inputs interact to perform neural computations and how sharing of signals between parallel pathways contributes to sensory encoding.

神经元通过传统突触的化学传递和电传递进行交流 通过缝隙连接。电传输在哺乳动物视网膜中得到了很好的研究，其中缝隙连接 存在于所有五种主要的神经元之间。视网膜神经节细胞（RGC），视网膜的输出细胞， 在哺乳动物中包含约40种功能类型。RGC之间的间隙连接耦合一直被描述为 “同型”，即在相同类型的RGC之间。我们首次发现， 小鼠视网膜中的两种不同类型的RGC之间的电耦合，称为F-miniON和F-miniOFF RGC。 异型RGC耦合的存在打破了RGC通道间功能平行的规律 并且需要关于耦合在视网膜计算中的作用的新想法。本项目旨在探索 异型RGC偶联在F-mini网络中的功能作用通过两个特定的目的。在目标1中， 确定F-miniON和F-miniOFF RGC之间的偶联是否产生了用于混合ON和OFF的新途径。 关闭视网膜内层的信号。在目标2中，我们将确定运动刺激的哪些特征被编码 F-miniON和F-miniOFF RGC之间的同步尖峰。 这些研究将促进我们对化学和电突触输入如何相互作用的理解， 执行神经计算以及平行通路之间的信号共享如何有助于感官 编码.