A randomized controlled trial of Friends of the Children, a long-term professional mentoring program for adolescents at risk: impacts at post-test and 2 year follow-up

儿童之友的一项随机对照试验，这是一项针对高危青少年的长期专业指导计划：测试后和 2 年随访的影响

• 批准号: 10616689
• 负责人: John MARK EDDY
• 金额: $ 47.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10616689
• 关键词: 12 year old; 21 year old; Achievement; Adolescent; Adoption; Adult; Age; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Boston; Caregivers; Caring; Child; Cities; Collection; Communities; Data; Data Collection; Development; Dose; Elements; Eligibility Determination; Enrollment; Family; Foundations; Friends; Funding; Future; Grant; Growth; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Justice; Length; Life Style; Location; Low income; Measures; Mediating; Mentors; Modeling; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Neighborhoods; New York City; Oregon; Outcome; Outcome Study; Parents; Participant; Perception; Personal Satisfaction; Play; Pregnancy; Preventive; Privatization; Problem behavior; Program Evaluation; Public Health; Publishing; Randomized; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Records; Reduce health disparities; Reporting; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; School Drop-Outs; Schools; Services; Site; Social Network; Student Dropouts; Supervision; Surveys; Testing; Time; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Wood material; Work; Youth; anti social; apprenticeship; comparison control; court; deviant; dosage; elementary school; ethnic diversity; ethnic minority; first grade; follow-up; girls; graduate school; high risk population; high school; interest; intervention cost; intervention participants; junior high school; juvenile justice system; kindergarten; neighborhood disadvantage; prevent; preventive intervention; primary outcome; programs; psychosocial; racial minority; recruit; research and development; social capital; socioeconomic disadvantage; success; trial design; urban setting; willingness; young adult

Abstract This proposal seeks funding to examine the impact of a 12.5-year long, relationship-based, professional mentoring program, Friends of the Children (FOTC) within the context of an existing multi-site randomized controlled trial (RCT; FOTC versus control). The research trial (The Child Study) was funded by the NIH through the NICHD from 2007-2013. The program has continued through a variety of external funders. Professional mentors (called “Friends”) have continued working with the youth since the project began. Mentors receive extensive training and apprenticeship, and then participate in ongoing supervision, working with a typical caseload of 8 children during elementary school and 10-12 youth during middle and high school. Across the course of the program, youth involved in the program have interacted both with their mentors and with other youth-mentor pairs, becoming part of a community of children and adolescents and caring adults. To the best of our knowledge, there are no published, rigorous outcome studies of a mentoring program that has this combination of program elements. The study is built on the rigorous research program that began during The Child Study (Eddy, et al. 2015, Eddy et al., 2017), which demonstrated the strong adoption and implementation of the FOTC mentoring model. Further, 5 years after the program began, this study found growth in parent’s report of the youth’s behavioral strengths, as measured by increased family involvement, interpersonal strengths and school functioning; positive school behavior; and less externalizing problem behavior in youth randomized to FOTC compared to controls. The proposed study will reengage participants in both intervention and control conditions to conduct end-line (just after actual or estimated high school graduation) and 2-year follow-up evaluations of program impact into young adulthood. The study uses a rigorous RCT design that includes two assessments of all of the active participants in The Child Study (N = 259), a sample of low income, ethnically diverse, at-risk, urban youth. Data will also be collected from caregivers and school, arrest and court records will be collected at the end point. Implementation data collected by FOTC will also be used in the analysis. Young adult surveys will be conducted and arrest and court records collection at the 2-year follow-up (about age 21). Using intent-to-treat analyses, this study will examine program impacts in 3 primary outcomes -- avoidance of involvement in juvenile justice, graduation from high school or obtaining a GED, and delaying parenthood into young adulthood, at the program end point and 2 years later. Further, we will explore whether hypothesized mechanisms of increased social capital mediates the relationships between intervention and outcomes. Finally, we will examine the relationship between various levels of program involvement in FOTC and program impact.

抽象的 该提案寻求资金来审查为期 12.5 年、基于关系的专业项目的影响 指导计划，儿童之友（FOTC）在现有的多地点随机 对照试验（RCT；FOTC 与对照）。该研究试验（儿童研究）由 NIH 资助 2007 年至 2013 年期间通过 NICHD。该计划通过各种外部资助者继续进行。 自项目开始以来，专业导师（称为“朋友”）一直与年轻人一起工作。 导师接受广泛的培训和学徒期，然后参与持续的监督、工作 典型案例包括 8 名小学儿童和 10-12 名初中和高中青少年。 在整个计划过程中，参与该计划的青少年与他们的导师和 与其他青年导师对一起，成为儿童、青少年和有爱心的成年人社区的一部分。 据我们所知，尚无针对辅导计划的已发表的、严格的结果研究 具有这种程序元素的组合。该研究建立在严格的研究计划的基础上 在儿童研究期间（Eddy 等人，2015 年，Eddy 等人，2017 年），这表明了强烈的采用和 实施 FOTC 辅导模式。此外，该计划开始 5 年后，这项研究发现 家长对青少年行为优势的报告有所增加（通过家庭参与程度的增加来衡量）， 人际关系优势和学校运作；积极的学校行为；以及较少的外部化问题 与对照组相比，随机分配至 FOTC 的青少年的行为。拟议的研究将让参与者重新参与 进行最终线的干预和控制条件（就在实际或估计的高中毕业后） 毕业）以及项目对青年期影响的两年后续评估。 该研究采用严格的随机对照试验设计，其中包括对所有积极参与者的两项评估 儿童研究 (N = 259)，以低收入、种族多样化、高危城市青年为样本。数据也将 从看护者和学校收集、逮捕和法庭记录将在终点收集。 FOTC 收集的实施数据也将用于分析。年轻人调查将 在两年的随访中（大约 21 岁）进行了逮捕和法庭记录收集。使用意向治疗 通过分析，本研究将考察项目对 3 个主要结果的影响——避免参与 少年司法、高中毕业或获得 GED 以及推迟为年轻人做父母 成年期、计划结束点和两年后。进一步，我们将探讨是否假设 增加社会资本的机制调节干预和结果之间的关系。最后， 我们将研究 FOTC 中不同级别的计划参与与计划影响之间的关系。