Miles de Manos: Testing the Efficacy of a School-Based Youth Violence Preventive Intervention in a High Risk International Context

项目总结/摘要。暴力是美国第三大死亡原因 对于年轻人（10至24岁），暴力行为具有直接、持久和 对个人、家庭和社区造成令人不安的影响。青年暴力是一个问题， 我们半球的其他国家也是如此，其中一个特别令人关切的领域是中央银行。 美国参考在过去的近八年里，我们的研究团队一直在与合作伙伴合作， 在中美洲开发Miles de Manos（MdM;“千手”），一个普遍的， 多模式、循证和基于社区的青年暴力预防干预。 MdM已在整个地区广泛传播，并已被作为一个关键 洪都拉斯和萨尔瓦多国家教育计划的组成部分，尽管缺乏一个 证据表明其有效性。本项目提出了一种随机对照 在洪都拉斯进行的试验，与洪都拉斯教育部长合作进行， 国际儿童基金会，在实施千年发展目标方面经验丰富的国内专家， 由USAID资助。拟议项目的目标是： 目标1。审查文化上特定的预防青少年暴力的有效性 关于改进有效的家长和教师行为管理做法的方案， 减少青少年问题行为以及青少年与同龄人和成年人的交往 参与问题行为。 目标二。调查干预导致的任何结局的潜在介质，以及 特别是对干预措施背后的社会学习理论进行测试。 目标3。调查干预导致的任何结局的潜在调节因素。 该项目的潜在好处包括填补有关社区基础知识的空白， 在洪都拉斯和美国的暴力预防计划找到有效的方法来改善 社区成员的健康、安全和社会凝聚力有可能使双方受益 在许多方面，包括减少个人和社会的破坏和创伤， 来自于生活在和离开充满暴力的社区。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT. Violence in the United States is the third leading cause of death for young people (aged 10 to 24 years), and violent acts have immediate, enduring, and disturbing impacts on individuals, families, and communities. Youth violence is a problem in other countries in our hemisphere as well, and one area of particular concern is Central America. For the past nearly eight years, our research team has been working with partners across Central America to develop Miles de Manos (MdM; “Thousands of Hands”), a universal, multi-modal, evidence-informed and community-based youth violence prevention intervention. MdM has been widely disseminated throughout the region, and has been adopted as a key component of the national education plans of Honduras and El Salvador, despite the lack of an evidence base demonstrating its effectiveness. This project proposes a randomized controlled trial in Honduras, conducted in collaboration with the Honduran Secretary of Education and ChildFund International, experienced in-country experts in the implementation of MdM through work funded by USAID. The aims of the proposed project are: Aim 1. To examine the effectiveness of a culturally specified youth violence prevention program on improving effective parent and teacher behavior management practices and reducing both youth problem behaviors and youth association with peers and adults involved in problem behaviors. Aim 2. To investigate potential mediators of any outcomes due to the intervention, and specifically to conduct a test of the social learning theory underlying the intervention. Aim 3. To investigate potential moderators of any outcomes due to the intervention. Potential benefits of the project include filling in gaps in knowledge about community-based violence prevention programs both in Honduras and the U.S. Finding effective ways to improve the health, safety, and social cohesion of community members has the potential to benefit both countries in numerous ways, including reducing the personal and social disruptions and traumas that come from living in and leaving communities that become marked by violence.