Mapping the Development of Episodic Memory

绘制情景记忆的发展图谱

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    10616594
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 53.69万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2020-04-03 至 2025-03-31
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Project Summary Episodic memory binds together the people, objects, and locations that make up the specific events of our lives, forming multi-element traces of experiences that can guide ongoing behavior, help imagine the future, and enhance well-being. Episodic memory is poor in young children, a phenomenon called childhood amnesia. It gradually improves over the preschool years, with further refinement in elementary school. Understanding this developmental change requires linking research at three levels of analysis: (1) dissecting component processes of episodic memory in controlled laboratory tasks; (2) assessing underlying neural changes; and (3) evaluating children's naturalistic behaviors, both in the memory domain (self-related episodic memory and memory conversations with adults) and more generally. We propose a longitudinal study of children from 4 to 6 years and from 6 to 8 years, i.e., across the offset of childhood amnesia, with rich evaluation of all three components at three points in time. This multi-componential study across levels of analysis will be the first of its kind. Relational binding of multiple elements within an event may be conceptualized as the formation of coherent multi-element episodes that allows for pattern completion, i.e., the elicitation of all components of the experience from a subset. Another process involved in episodic memory is pattern separation. The Complementary Learning Systems (CLS) model, as well as earlier mathematical models of the hippocampus and later refinements of CLS, proposes that the hippocampus (HC) is specialized for the rapid and automatic acquisition of information that is then orthogonalized to reduce potential interference among similar memories. We will test children's abilities to retrieve all elements of an episode via pattern completion and children's abilities to discriminate between overlapping episodes containing similar people, objects or spatial contexts via pattern separation. In addition, a rich research tradition explores self-related episodic memories and their retention over time, as well as their linkage to environmental support. We will link findings regarding children's naturalistic behavior to laboratory measures of episodic memory and to neural development. These relations are likely bi-directional in causality, and hence longitudinal evaluation is essential. The behavioral work will be complemented by work at the neural level. Both pattern completion and pattern separation depend on the HC and are associated with maturation of its subfields, and the maturation of connectivity between the HC and cortical control structures. Using high-definition MRI and cutting-edge diffusion imaging parameters, we will test the hypothesis that specific hippocampal subfields perform pattern completion (CA3) and separation (dentate gyrus). In addition, we will test whether white matter pathways, both within the HC (e.g., perforant path) as well as long-range tracts linking the HC to neocortical areas, relate to pattern completion/separation behavioral performance.
项目概要 情景记忆将构成我们特定事件的人、物体和地点联系在一起 生活,形成多元素的经验痕迹,可以指导持续的行为,帮助想象未来, 并增强福祉。幼儿的情景记忆很差,这种现象称为儿童失忆症。 它在学前阶段逐渐改善,并在小学进一步完善。理解 这种发展变化需要将三个分析层面的研究联系起来:(1)剖析成分 受控实验室任务中的情景记忆过程; (2) 评估潜在的神经变化;和(3) 评估儿童在记忆领域(自我相关的情景记忆和 与成人的记忆对话)以及更一般的情况。我们建议对 4 至 6 岁的儿童进行纵向研究 岁和 6 至 8 岁,即跨越童年失忆症的抵消,对这三个年龄都有丰富的评估 三个时间点的组件。这项跨分析层次的多成分研究将是第一个 它的种类。 事件内多个元素的关系绑定可以被概念化为连贯的形成 允许模式完成的多元素情节,即引出所有组成部分 来自子集的经验。情景记忆涉及的另一个过程是模式分离。这 补充学习系统(CLS)模型,以及早期的海马体数学模型 以及后来对 CLS 的改进,提出海马体(HC)专门负责快速和自动的 获取信息,然后将其正交化,以减少相似记忆之间的潜在干扰。 我们将测试孩子们通过模式完成和儿童检索情节的所有元素的能力。 通过区分包含相似人、物体或空间上下文的重叠片段的能力 模式分离。此外,丰富的研究传统探索自我相关的情景记忆及其 随着时间的推移保留,以及它们与环境支持的联系。我们将把有关儿童的调查结果联系起来 自然主义行为对情景记忆的实验室测量和神经发育的影响。这些关系 因果关系可能是双向的,因此纵向评估至关重要。 行为工作将得到神经水平工作的补充。模式完成和模式 分离取决于 HC,并与其子领域的成熟相关,而 HC 和皮质控制结构之间的连接。采用高清 MRI 和尖端技术 扩散成像参数,我们将测试特定海马子区域执行模式的假设 完成(CA3)和分离(齿状回)。此外,我们将测试白质通路是否 HC 内(例如,穿通路径)以及连接 HC 和新皮质区域的长程束,与 模式完成/分离行为表现。

项目成果

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Nora Stefanie Newcombe其他文献

Nora Stefanie Newcombe的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Nora Stefanie Newcombe', 18)}}的其他基金

Mapping the Development of Episodic Memory Diversity Supplement
绘制情景记忆多样性补充剂的发展历程
  • 批准号:
    10330859
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 53.69万
  • 项目类别:
Mapping the Development of Episodic Memory
绘制情景记忆的发展图谱
  • 批准号:
    10400007
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 53.69万
  • 项目类别:
Mapping the Development of Episodic Memory
绘制情景记忆的发展图谱
  • 批准号:
    10616575
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 53.69万
  • 项目类别:
DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL CODING
空间编码的发展
  • 批准号:
    3326095
  • 财政年份:
    1988
  • 资助金额:
    $ 53.69万
  • 项目类别:
DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL CODING
空间编码的发展
  • 批准号:
    3326096
  • 财政年份:
    1988
  • 资助金额:
    $ 53.69万
  • 项目类别:
DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL CODING
空间编码的发展
  • 批准号:
    3326092
  • 财政年份:
    1988
  • 资助金额:
    $ 53.69万
  • 项目类别:
DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL CODING
空间编码的发展
  • 批准号:
    3326094
  • 财政年份:
    1988
  • 资助金额:
    $ 53.69万
  • 项目类别:
TIMING OF PUBERTY AND SPATIAL ABILITY
青春期的时间和空间能力
  • 批准号:
    3377581
  • 财政年份:
    1984
  • 资助金额:
    $ 53.69万
  • 项目类别:
TIMING OF PUBERTY AND SPATIAL ABILITY
青春期的时间和空间能力
  • 批准号:
    3377580
  • 财政年份:
    1984
  • 资助金额:
    $ 53.69万
  • 项目类别:

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