Four-dimensional prediction and quantification of how physical forces impact organogenesis in zebrafish

物理力如何影响斑马鱼器官发生的四维预测和量化

• 批准号: 10271304
• 负责人: JEFFREY D AMACK
• 金额: $ 45.35万
• 依托单位: SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-25 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10271304
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Ablation; Actomyosin; Address; Affect; Anterior; Architecture; Biochemical; Biological Models; Biomechanics; Biophysical Process; Biophysics; Cell Shape; Cell model; Cells; Cellular biology; Complement; Complex; Congenital Abnormality; Defect; Developmental Biology; Developmental Process; Dorsal; Embryo; Embryonic Development; Environment; Epithelial; Extracellular Matrix; Formulation; Foundations; Four-dimensional; Goals; Health; Image; Image Analysis; Individual; Knowledge; Lasers; Lead; Left; Mathematics; Measurement; Mechanics; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Morphogenesis; Motion; Movement; Optics; Organ; Organ Model; Organogenesis; Output; Pattern; Phenotype; Physics; Play; Prevention; Public Health; Research; Resolution; Rod; Role; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Signaling Molecule; Structural Congenital Anomalies; Structure; Surface; Testing; Three-dimensional analysis; Time; Tissues; United States National Institutes of Health; Velocimetries; Vesicle; Work; Zebrafish; base; cell motility; convergent extension; disability; in vivo imaging; malformation; mathematical model; mechanical force; mechanical properties; morphogens; multidisciplinary; notochord; novel; particle; predictive modeling; prevent; programs; simulation; three dimensional structure

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Defects in programmed cell shape changes during embryonic development can disrupt organ morphogenesis and cause structural birth defects. There are fundamental gaps in our understanding of how cells change their shape during organ formation. While the biochemical signals and morphogen gradients that help govern organogenesis are well-studied, evidence is growing that robust control of organ form and function often also depends on multiple mechanical mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Thus, there is a critical need to tease apart how multiple mechanisms – including tissue-scale dynamic forces and cell-autonomous contractile forces – work together to generate “mechanical gradients” that program cell and organ shape during organ formation. A challenge is that mechanical perturbations that affect the entire embryo often result in the same global phenotype, making it difficult to pinpoint the role of each mechanism. Our long- term goal is to develop a combined cell biology and modeling toolkit that allows us to predict cell-scale phenotypes and appropriate perturbations that can be used to distinguish between multiple mechanical mechanisms. This project uses Kupffer’s vesicle (KV), a transient epithelial organ that establishes left-right asymmetry in the zebrafish embryo, as a model system. No upstream biochemical signaling gradients have been identified that regulate KV cell shapes as required for left-right patterning, but multiple mechanical mechanisms have been implicated. Preliminary results – from (4D = 3D + time) experimental perturbations and measurements of single KV cell shapes, and novel mathematical models that simulate interacting 3D tissue structures while retaining cell-scale resolution – lead us to formulate our central hypothesis that cell shape changes critical for KV organogenesis result from mechanical gradients generated by interactions between the KV and surrounding tissue structures as well as cell-autonomous contractile forces from inside KV. The goal of Aim 1 is to determine how interactions between KV and notochord impact cell shape changes. 4D modeling predictions for cell shapes and cell movement combined with live in vivo imaging and localized laser ablations will determine how asymmetric forces generated by the rod-like notochord impact KV cell shape changes during organogenesis. The goal of Aim 2 is to understand mechanisms by which actomyosin contractility in surrounding tailbud cells and inside KV generate KV cell shape changes. Novel mathematical models will predict how localized optical perturbations to tailbud mechanics, as well as perturbations to volume and cell- autonomous contractility in cells inside the KV, affect KV organ shape. Key outputs include a modeling toolkit for high-throughput simulations of dynamic interactions between complex 3D tissue structures complemented by a cell biology toolkit that tests model predictions with spatially and temporally modulated activation of biomechanical and biochemical signaling molecules. These results will pinpoint mechanical mechanisms that regulate organogenesis, and may ultimately aid in the prediction or prevention of birth defects.

项目概要/摘要 胚胎发育过程中程序性细胞形状变化的缺陷可能会破坏器官形态发生 并导致结构性出生缺陷。我们对细胞如何改变其功能的理解存在根本性差距 器官形成过程中的形状。虽然生化信号和形态发生素梯度有助于控制 器官发生已得到充分研究，越来越多的证据表明对器官形态和功能的强有力控制也经常发生 依赖于多种目前仍知之甚少的机械机制。因此，迫切需要 梳理多种机制——包括组织尺度的动力和细胞自主 收缩力——共同产生“机械梯度”，对细胞和器官进行编程 器官形成过程中的形状。一个挑战是影响整个胚胎的机械扰动 通常会导致相同的全局表型，因此很难确定每种机制的作用。我们的长期 术语目标是开发一个组合的细胞生物学和建模工具包，使我们能够预测细胞规模 表型和适当的扰动可用于区分多种机械 机制。该项目使用库普弗囊泡 (KV)，这是一种短暂的上皮器官，可建立左右 作为模型系统的斑马鱼胚胎的不对称性。没有上游生化信号梯度 已确定可根据左右图案的需要调节 KV 单元形状，但多个机械 机制已受到牵连。初步结果 – 来自 (4D = 3D + 时间) 实验扰动和 单个 KV 细胞形状的测量以及模拟相互作用的 3D 组织的新颖数学模型 结构，同时保留细胞尺度分辨率——引导我们制定我们的中心假设，即细胞形状 对 KV 器官发生至关重要的变化是由 KV 之间相互作用产生的机械梯度引起的 KV 和周围组织结构以及来自 KV 内部的细胞自主收缩力。目标是 目标 1 是确定 KV 和脊索之间的相互作用如何影响细胞形状的变化。 4D建模 结合活体成像和局部激光烧蚀来预测细胞形状和细胞运动 将确定杆状脊索产生的不对称力如何影响 KV 细胞形状变化 在器官发生过程中。目标 2 的目标是了解肌动球蛋白收缩的机制 周围的尾芽细胞和内部的KV产生KV细胞形状的变化。新颖的数学模型将 预测局部光学扰动对尾芽力学的影响，以及对体积和细胞的扰动 KV 内部细胞的自主收缩性，影响 KV 器官的形状。主要输出包括建模工具包 用于高通量模拟复杂 3D 组织结构之间动态相互作用的补充 通过细胞生物学工具包，通过空间和时间调制的激活来测试模型预测 生物力学和生化信号分子。这些结果将查明机械机制 调节器官发生，并可能最终有助于预测或预防出生缺陷。