INVESTIGATING HOW NOVELTY ENHANCES FEAR LEARNING & MEMORY

调查新奇事物如何增强恐惧学习

• 批准号: 10580151
• 负责人: Victor A Cazares
• 金额: $ 43.51万
• 依托单位: WILLIAMS COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10580151
• 关键词: Ablation; Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Animals; Anxiety; Attenuated; Behavior; Brain; Conditioned Stimulus; Cues; Data; Disease; Dorsal; Environment; Exposure to; Extinction; Fluorescence; Fright; Future; Genetic; Genotype; Goals; Hippocampus; Human; Hybrids; Immunofluorescence Immunologic; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Label; Learning; Maps; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Memory; Modernization; Mouse Strains; Mus; Neurons; Neurosciences; Outcome; Patients; Pattern; Phenotype; Prefrontal Cortex; Relapse; Reporter; Research; Rodent Model; Role; Shapes; Students; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Training; Transgenic Organisms; Trauma; anxiety-related disorders; college; conditioned fear; design; empowerment; experience; experimental study; individual variation; insight; interest; learning extinction; memory recall; neural; neural circuit; neuromechanism; novel; novel strategies; recruit; response; tool

Project Summary We will study a highly characterized forms of learning, fear extinction (FE), which is known to underlie several maladaptive phenotypes in trauma- and anxiety-related disorders. Exposure therapy is largely based on fear FE, during which individuals are repeatedly exposed to a fear-conditioned stimulus in the absence of the aversive outcome, leading to a gradual decrease in the fear response. FE training is believed to create a new memory that inhibits learned fear responses. Previous research suggests that the activation of neurons encoding FE memories rapidly wanes over time, resulting in poor FE recall and the return of fear. We and others have found that exposure to novelty enhances FE learning. In this proposal we seek: (1) to determine the specific parameters under which novelty enhances FE learning; (2) to interrogate the role of the hippocampus modulating the FE-enhancing effects of novelty; and (3) to map how neural activation patterns are altered in the presence or absence of novelty during FE. Finally, given the high individual variation in the responsiveness to exposure therapy among humans, we will investigate the role of genetic background in shaping functional relationships between the efficacy of FE and neural activation.

项目摘要 我们将研究一种高度特征化的学习形式，恐惧消退（FE），它是已知的几种学习形式的基础。 创伤和焦虑相关疾病中的适应不良表型。暴露疗法主要是基于恐惧 FE，在此期间，个体反复暴露于恐惧条件刺激中， 令人厌恶的结果，导致恐惧反应逐渐减少。FE培训被认为是创造一个新的 抑制习得性恐惧反应的记忆。先前的研究表明， 编码FE记忆随着时间的推移迅速衰减，导致FE回忆不良和恐惧的回归。我们和 其他人发现，接触新奇事物可以促进FE学习。在本建议中，我们寻求：（1）确定 具体参数下，新奇增强FE学习;（2）询问的作用， 海马体调节新奇感的FE增强效应;（3）绘制神经激活模式 在FE期间，在存在或不存在新奇的情况下发生改变。最后，鉴于个体差异很大， 为了研究人类对暴露疗法的反应性，我们将研究遗传背景在 形成FE功效和神经激活之间的函数关系。