权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Joint Impacts of Local Alcohol and Cannabis Laws and Outlet Densities on Violence

当地酒精和大麻法律以及销售点密度对暴力的共同影响

基本信息

批准号：
10623297
负责人：
Ellicott Colson Matthay
金额：
$ 24.87万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-05-17 至 2025-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10623297
关键词：
Address Affect Alcohol Laws Alcohol consumption Alcoholic Beverages Alcohols Algorithms Area California Cannabis Cannabis policy Categories Cause of Death Censuses Cessation of life Cities City Government Code Communities Community Health Complement County County Government Crime Data Set Databases Depressive disorder Disinhibition Disparity Drug Controls Drug usage Emergency department visit Epidemiologist Face Feeling suicidal Funding Geography Goals Grant Health Heterogeneity Hospitalization Individual Injury Inpatients Interpersonal Violence Joints Knowledge Laws Lead Legal Licensing Link Medical Mentors Mentorship Methods Modeling National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Oranges Outcome Pattern Pharmaceutical Preparations Play Policies Policy Maker Population Prevention Research Psychoses Quasi-experiment Recreation Reduce health disparities Regulation Reporting Research Research Training Role San Francisco Self Direction Self-Injurious Behavior Socioeconomic Status Statistical Methods Suicide attempt Techniques Training United States Universities Variant Violence alcohol effect alcohol outlet density alcohol prevention alcohol related consequences assault career community violence density design disparity reduction effectiveness evaluation epidemiology study health data low socioeconomic status marijuana legalization marijuana use outcome disparities population health pressure public policy on alcohol skills social substance use theories violence prevention

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This K99/R00 proposal examines the joint impacts of local alcohol and cannabis policies on violence in California before and after recreational cannabis legalization in 2018. Self-directed and interpersonal violence are leading causes of death and injury in the United States. Changes in alcohol and cannabis use, driven by state cannabis legalization policies, may be important but unrecognized contributors to these outcomes. Alcohol’s role in violence is well established. Evidence on cannabis’ effects on violence is limited and mixed. Cannabis legalization could lower rates of alcohol-related violence through cannabis-alcohol substitution. Existing research on cannabis legalization often focuses on state-level variation. However, most states defer to city and county governments to implement cannabis legalization policies, including determining where outlets are located. Local control results in enormous local-level heterogeneity in local policies and outlet density. High geographic density of alcohol outlets increases rates of violence; recent studies report similar patterns for cannabis outlets. In legalizing states, cannabis outlets are being disproportionately co-located with alcohol outlets in low-socioeconomic status (SES) communities. However, no studies examine if and how local alcohol and cannabis policies together contribute to intoxicant saturation (i.e., high densities of both alcohol and cannabis outlets) in low-SES communities. Further, there is no evidence on whether co-located cannabis and alcohol outlets interact to affect the health of community residents. We will perform quasi-experimental geospatial analyses of publicly-derived policy, outlet, and administrative health data to: (1) assess how alcohol and cannabis policies in 241 California cities and counties impact outlet density and geographic co-location; (2) determine the interactive effects of alcohol and cannabis outlet densities on rates of emergency department visits, inpatient hospitalizations, and deaths due to self-harm and assault throughout California; (3) evaluate how the relationships documented above contribute to disparities in alcohol and cannabis outlet co-location, densities, and effects on self-harm and assault. The research plan is complemented by an exceptional mentorship team and training plan at the University of California, San Francisco and NIAAA-funded Prevention Research Center. The plan builds on the applicant’s background in violence prevention research and includes new training in alcohol and drug use as contributors to violence, alcohol and drug control policies, and geospatial statistical methods. The combined research and training plans will prepare the applicant for a successful independent epidemiology research career focused on how to design optimal alcohol and drug policies to prevent violence and reduce health disparities. This research aligns with NIAAA’s strategic goal to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of new policies for preventing alcohol-related consequences such as violence. This research is urgently needed as other localities consider cannabis legalization and models for regulation.

项目总结/文摘