Mammalian bile acid detection, processing, and impact on social behavior

项目摘要/摘要 这项研究计划的总体目标是提高对哺乳动物胆汁酸化学信号的了解。 通过辅助嗅觉系统(AOS)。胆汁酸-众所周知的脂肪消化和 新陈代谢--也是AOS的外部化学信号。在大多数哺乳动物中，AOS直接影响 控制焦虑和社交行为的大脑区域，了解这一大脑途径可能会 提供对哺乳性性/生殖动力、社交焦虑和情绪的洞察。关于以下方面的新知识 AOS功能可能被用来帮助控制啮齿动物的数量，包括那些藏匿有害动物的 微生物。外周胆汁酸感觉机制、胆汁酸信息机制 胆汁酸在大脑中的处理，以及胆汁酸对行为的影响目前尚不清楚。建议数 研究将结合新的钙成像技术和转录组分析来识别外周血细胞 胆汁酸敏感的胆汁酸受体S。其他拟议的实验将调查网络属性 副嗅球(AOB)，其中胆汁酸和其他类固醇信息是整合的。最后，行为 评估将与全脑范围的即时早期基因图谱相结合，以确定 胆汁酸化学感觉对大脑活动和行为的影响。拟议的研究将在#年调查这些主题 以提高对这类重要的哺乳动物化学信号的理解。评选结果 拟议的实验将通过将哺乳动物的肠道生理与大脑联系起来，最终造福于人类健康。 功能。

Project Summary/Abstract The overall goal of this research plan is to improve understanding about mammalian bile acid chemosignaling through the accessory olfactory system (AOS). Bile acids – well known regulators of fat digestion and metabolism – also serve as external chemosignals for the AOS. In most mammals, the AOS directly influences brain regions that control anxiety and social behaviors, and understanding this brain pathway is likely to provide insights into mammalian sexual/reproductive drive, social anxiety, and moods. New knowledge about AOS function may be utilized to help control rodent populations, including those that harbor harmful microorganisms. The mechanisms of peripheral bile acid sensation, the mechanisms of bile acid information processing in the brain, and the behavioral impacts of bile acids are currently unknown. The proposed research will combine new calcium imaging techniques with transcriptome analysis to identify the peripheral AOS receptor(s) sensitive to bile acids. Other proposed experiments will investigate network properties in accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), where bile acid and other steroid information is integrated. Finally, behavioral assessment will be coupled to brain-wide immediate early gene mapping to determine the overall impacts of bile acid chemosensation on brain activity and behavior. The proposed research will investigate these topics in order to improve understanding of this important class of mammalian chemosignals. The results of the proposed experiments will ultimately benefit human health by linking mammalian gut physiology to brain function.