Immunological Memory to Covid-19

摘要 SARS-CoV-2冠状病毒大流行造成了近世纪来最大的全球健康危机。它 对于了解介导长期保护性免疫的免疫反应至关重要， SARS-CoV-21。评估COVID-19中对SARS-CoV-2的体液和细胞免疫的持久性 过去，我们一直在收集康复期患者的纵向血液样本 18个月到目前为止，我们已经同意并招募了461名SARS-CoV-2感染者 我们正在进行的研究。这一群体包括代表性不足和服务不足的联合国会员国， 社区值得注意的是，我们队列中的绝大多数（>90%）患者有轻度至轻度的 中度疾病。这更能反映普通人群的COVID-19感染情况。利用这个群体， 我们建议将我们的研究延长一年，以提供一个规模和分析， 抗体应答的持久性，以及三年内对SARS-CoV-2的CD 4和CD 8 T细胞应答 期此外，我们队列中的147名患者（32%）被诊断为COVID-19“长途运输者”， SARS-CoV-2（PASC）的急性后遗症，感染后症状长达18个月。我们将 继续监测PASC的症状一年，并确定自适应 免疫应答与PASC的发生有关。这项研究是一个富有成效的正在进行的 埃默里疫苗中心（PI：Rafi Ahmed）和弗雷德哈钦森癌症中心之间的合作 (PI：Julie McElrath）.我们的研究将提供对COVID-1免疫记忆持续时间的深入了解。 19例恢复期患者，并确定PASC与获得性免疫的相关性。 反应

ABSTRACT The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic has created the largest global health crisis in almost a century. It is essential to understand the immunological responses that mediate long-term protective immunity to SARS-CoV-21. To assess the durability of humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients we have been collecting longitudinal blood samples from convalescent individuals over the past 18 months. To date we have consented and enrolled 461 individuals that were infected with SARS-CoV-2 into our ongoing study. This cohort includes underrepresented and underserved members of the community. It is important to note that the vast majority (>90%) of the patients in our cohort had mild to moderate disease. This more reflective of COVID-19 infection in the general population. Using this cohort, we are proposing to extend our studies for an additional year to provide an analysis of the magnitude and durability of the antibody response, and CD4 and CD8 T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 over a three-year period. In addition, 147 patients (32%) in our cohort were diagnosed as COVID-19 “long-haulers” with post- acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC), with symptoms for up to 18 months after infection onset. We will continue to monitor symptoms of PASC for an additional year and determine what features of the adaptive immune response are associated with the development of PASC. This study is a productive ongoing collaboration between the Emory Vaccine Center (PI: Rafi Ahmed) and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center (PI: Julie McElrath). Our studies will provide insight into the duration of immunological memory in COVID- 19 convalescent patients, and determine the correlation between PASC and the adaptive immune response.