Brain-Behavior Mechanisms of Social Cognition in First-Episode Psychosis

首发精神病社会认知的脑行为机制

• 批准号: 10740563
• 负责人: Aubrey M. Moe
• 金额: $ 19.2万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10740563
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Belief; Brain; Brain region; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive remediation; Coupled; Data; Data Collection; Development; Devices; Diagnostic; Early Intervention; Ecological momentary assessment; Effectiveness; Enrollment; Exhibits; Feeling suicidal; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Health Technology; Illness impact; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Measures; Medial; Mental Processes; Mentors; Mind; Nature; Neurobiology; Neurocognition; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Occupational; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Performance; Persons; Phase; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychoses; Psychotic Disorders; Sampling; Social Behavior; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Social Processes; Social outcome; Source; Stimulus; Time; Training; Translations; animation; base; behavioral construct; biobehavior; brain based; brain behavior; career; clinically relevant; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive performance; cognitive process; cognitive task; daily functioning; early psychosis; experience; first episode psychosis; functional disability; functional outcomes; improved; indexing; innovation; mHealth; mental state; mentalization; multimodality; network dysfunction; neural; neuromechanism; novel therapeutics; outcome prediction; performance based measurement; psychiatric symptom; psychosocial; recruit; response; skills; social; social cognition; social deficits; social influence; social neuroscience; stress reactivity; theories; translational neuroscience; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Psychotic disorders are serious illnesses that lead to significant functional impairment, even during the early course of illness (i.e., first-episode psychosis; FEP). Social cognition is a strong predictor of key functional outcomes in psychosis (i.e., social and occupational functioning) and among social cognitive domains, mentalizing – the ability to infer and reason about the mental states of other people – is most robustly impaired and simultaneously most predictive of outcomes. However, existing interventions addressing social cognitive dysfunction in psychosis are minimally effective in improving real-world outcomes. Further, though psychosis studies have revealed abnormal function in brain areas comprising the mentalizing network (MN; e.g., medial prefrontal cortex and temporoparietal junction), the vast majority of existing studies have utilized fMRI paradigms that use non-human or non-interactive stimuli that may limit ecological validity and further fail to examine associations between neural function and real-world outcomes. Collectively, social cognition is a critical factor in psychosis that remains poorly understood. Thus, the proposed study will combine neural, behavioral, and real- world functioning measures to delineate brain-behavior mechanisms of social cognition in FEP. The study will enroll 45 FEP individuals and 45 matched non-clinical controls (NCC) and assess their neural (i.e., fMRI) and behavioral (i.e., validated laboratory-based measures) social cognitive function as well as their real-world social and occupational behavior. Data from this study will allow for an innovative investigation of whether MN dysfunction is associated with social cognitive performance on validated behavioral tasks both across and within FEP and NCC participants (Aim 1), and how these brain-behavior measures of social cognitive performance relate to laboratory-based measures of social and occupational functioning (Aim 2). The current study will also examine the extent to which MN function predicts real-world social and occupational functioning assessed via ecological momentary assessment (Aim 3). This proposal concurrently provides an excellent opportunity to receive mentor-directed, hands-on training in several key areas necessary to refine the candidate’s knowledge and skill-sets. Though the candidate has extensive clinical research experience in FEP and has completed foundational fMRI training, she proposes a training plan focused on three new domains: 1) advanced social- cognitive neuroscience and fMRI task development, 2), linking of fMRI to behavioral constructs of social cognition and functional outcome, and 3) translation of fMRI and behavioral constructs to psychosis. The proposed study coupled with completion of the training plan will effectively launch the candidate toward her long-term goal of an independent career in the translational neuroscience of social-cognitive dysfunction in early psychosis, and will lay the foundation for future, high-impact R01 studies focused on refined identification and targeting of biobehavioral factors influencing social and functional outcomes.

项目概要 精神障碍是导致严重功能障碍的严重疾病，即使在早期也是如此。 病程（即首发精神病；FEP）。社会认知是关键功能的有力预测因素 精神病（即社会和职业功能）和社会认知领域的结果， 心智化——推断和推理他人心理状态的能力——受到最严重的损害 同时最能预测结果。然而，现有的针对社会认知的干预措施 精神病的功能障碍对于改善现实世界的结果效果甚微。此外，虽然精神病 研究表明，构成心智化网络（MN；例如内侧内侧区域）的大脑区域功能异常。 前额皮质和颞顶交界处），绝大多数现有研究都利用了功能磁共振成像范式 使用非人类或非交互式刺激可能会限制生态有效性并进一步未能检查 神经功能和现实世界结果之间的关联。总的来说，社会认知是一个关键因素 对精神病仍知之甚少。因此，拟议的研究将结合神经、行为和现实 描述 FEP 中社会认知的大脑行为机制的世界功能测量。该研究将 招募 45 名 FEP 个体和 45 名匹配的非临床对照 (NCC)，并评估他们的神经（即功能磁共振成像）和 行为（即经过验证的基于实验室的测量）社交认知功能及其现实世界的社交功能 和职业行为。这项研究的数据将有助于对 MN 是否 功能障碍与跨界和内部经过验证的行为任务的社会认知表现有关 FEP 和 NCC 参与者（目标 1），以及这些大脑行为如何衡量社会认知表现 与基于实验室的社会和职业功能测量相关（目标 2）。目前的研究还将 检查 MN 功能预测现实世界社会和职业功能的程度 生态瞬时评估（目标 3）。该提案同时提供了一个极好的机会 在几个关键领域接受导师指导的实践培训，以完善候选人的知识 和技能组合。尽管候选人在 FEP 方面拥有丰富的临床研究经验并已完成 基础功能磁共振成像培训，她提出了一个侧重于三个新领域的培训计划：1）高级社交- 认知神经科学和功能磁共振成像任务开发，2)，功能磁共振成像与社会认知行为结构的联系 和功能结果，以及 3) 将功能磁共振成像和行为结构转化为精神病。拟议的研究 加上培训计划的完成将有效地帮助候选人实现她的长期目标 早期精神病社会认知功能障碍的转化神经科学的独立职业，并将 为未来高影响力的 R01 研究奠定基础，重点关注精细识别和靶向 影响社会和功能结果的生物行为因素。