Understanding Individual Differences in Acoustic-Phonetic and Contextual Cue Use In Aging

了解衰老过程中声学语音和上下文提示使用的个体差异

• 批准号: 10750603
• 负责人: Anne Marie Crinnion
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-23 至 2025-08-22
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10750603
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adult; Affect; Aging; Audiology; Awareness; Behavioral; Brain; Caring; Categories; Cognitive; Compensation; Comprehension; Cues; Data; Elderly; Electroencephalography; Environment; Event-Related Potentials; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Tests; Individual; Individual Differences; Lead; Length; Link; Maps; Measures; Methods; Neurobiology; Noise; Outcome Measure; Panthera leo; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Peripheral; Persons; Phonetics; Presbycusis; Process; Quality of life; Reporting; Research; Running; Semantics; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Perception; Testing; Training; Variant; Word Processing; Work; aged; aural rehabilitation; behavior measurement; cognitive ability; design; effective therapy; experience; experimental study; hearing impairment; improved; insight; lens; neural; neuroimaging; predictive modeling; predictive signature; preference; repaired; resilience; response; speech in noise; standard measure; theories; treatment planning; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) affects a large number of older adults (~50% of adults aged 75+), yet not all individuals are equally impacted. Understanding why some older adults struggle more with ARHL is an important first step in designing more effective treatment plans. This proposal explores the hypothesis that individual differences in the use of contextual vs. acoustic-phonetic cues explains variation in speech comprehension abilities beyond just hearing ability. Natural listening environments contain a variety of cues that listeners can rely on to aid in speech comprehension. Despite the availability of many cues, recent work with healthy younger adults and older adults (including pilot work for this proposal) has demonstrated that some individuals tend to rely more on higher-level contextual information and others rely more on lower-level acoustic-phonetic information to interpret ambiguities in speech. The goal of this project is to test the hypothesis that these individual patterns of cue use will explain differences in speech comprehension (Aim 1) and to examine at what point in processing these individual differences arise using neural data collected from electroencephalography (EEG; Aim 2). One two-session experiment will be run testing younger and older adults on an audiometry battery, a cognitive battery, a cue use task in which they listen to sentences that contain ambiguous words, and a passive storybook listening task. EEG will be recorded during the cue use task and the storybook listening. While controlling for hearing and cognitive abilities, the contribution of an individual’s cue use will be tested in a model predicting speech comprehension (Aim 1). Neural data will then be analyzed to test three potential mechanisms that could lead to behavioral differences in cue use: (1) differences in early perceptual encoding of ambiguities in speech, (2) differences in later repair processes, and (3) differences in overall predictive mechanisms. A combination of event-related potential (ERP) and temporal response function (TRF) analyses will be performed to identify the locus of individual differences. Overall, this proposal provides important insight into different profiles of ARHL, and insights from neural data will highlight where in processing differences arise, potentially serving as a basis for designing effective treatments. Additionally, studying patterns of cue use may potentially reveal individuals whose ARHL may initially go undetected (those who tend to rely more on contextual cues). This proposal will prepare the applicant to lead an independent line of work examining the neurobiology of speech comprehension from an individual differences lens. Specifically, this proposal will give the applicant opportunities to engage with clinicians, expand individual differences work in cue use into older adults, and gain expertise in multiple computationally intensive analysis methods of EEG data.

项目摘要/摘要 年龄相关性听力损失(ARHL)影响了大量的老年人(约50%的75岁以上的成年人)，但并不是全部 个人也同样受到影响。理解为什么一些老年人更多地与ARHL作斗争是一个 设计更有效的治疗计划的重要第一步。这项提议探索了一种假设，即 语境线索与声学-语音线索使用的个体差异解释了言语的差异 听力之外的理解力。自然的聆听环境包含各种线索 听者可以依靠它来帮助理解演讲。尽管有很多线索，但最近的研究 对于健康的年轻人和老年人(包括这项提案的试点工作)已经表明 一些人倾向于更多地依赖较高级别的上下文信息，而另一些人则更依赖于较低级别的上下文信息 用来解释语音歧义的声学-语音信息。该项目的目标是测试 假设这些单独的线索使用模式将解释言语理解的差异(目标1) 并使用从以下方面收集的神经数据来检查在处理这些个体差异时出现的时间点 脑电(EEG；目标2)。将进行一项为期两个阶段的实验，测试年轻和年长的人 成年人使用测听电池，认知电池，使用线索使用任务，在任务中他们听句子 包含模棱两可的单词，以及被动的故事书听力任务。在使用球杆的过程中将记录脑电 任务和故事书一起听。在控制听力和认知能力的同时， 个体的线索使用将在一个预测语音理解的模型中进行测试(目标1)。神经数据将会 被分析以测试可能导致线索使用行为差异的三种潜在机制：(1) 语音歧义的早期知觉编码的差异，(2)后期修复过程的差异，以及 (3)整体预测机制的差异。事件相关电位(ERP)和时间的结合 将进行响应函数(TRF)分析，以确定个体差异的根源。总体而言，这 该提案提供了对ARHL不同特征的重要见解，来自神经数据的见解将突出 在处理过程中出现差异的地方，可能成为设计有效治疗方法的基础。 此外，对线索使用模式的研究可能会揭示其ARHL最初可能发生的个体 未被发现的(那些倾向于更多地依赖上下文线索的人)。这项建议将使申请人做好领导工作的准备 一门独立的研究个人语言理解的神经生物学的工作 差异化镜头。具体地说，这项建议将给申请者与临床医生接触的机会， 将线索使用方面的个体差异工作扩展到老年人，并获得多项计算方面的专业知识 脑电数据的密集分析方法。