Understanding Individual Differences in Acoustic-Phonetic and Contextual Cue Use In Aging

了解衰老过程中声学语音和上下文提示使用的个体差异

• 批准号: 10750603
• 负责人: Anne Marie Crinnion
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-23 至 2025-08-22
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10750603
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adult; Affect; Aging; Audiology; Awareness; Behavioral; Brain; Caring; Categories; Cognitive; Compensation; Comprehension; Cues; Data; Elderly; Electroencephalography; Environment; Event-Related Potentials; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Tests; Individual; Individual Differences; Lead; Length; Link; Maps; Measures; Methods; Neurobiology; Noise; Outcome Measure; Panthera leo; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Peripheral; Persons; Phonetics; Presbycusis; Process; Quality of life; Reporting; Research; Running; Semantics; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Perception; Testing; Training; Variant; Word Processing; Work; aged; aural rehabilitation; behavior measurement; cognitive ability; design; effective therapy; experience; experimental study; hearing impairment; improved; insight; lens; neural; neuroimaging; predictive modeling; predictive signature; preference; repaired; resilience; response; speech in noise; standard measure; theories; treatment planning; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) affects a large number of older adults (~50% of adults aged 75+), yet not all individuals are equally impacted. Understanding why some older adults struggle more with ARHL is an important first step in designing more effective treatment plans. This proposal explores the hypothesis that individual differences in the use of contextual vs. acoustic-phonetic cues explains variation in speech comprehension abilities beyond just hearing ability. Natural listening environments contain a variety of cues that listeners can rely on to aid in speech comprehension. Despite the availability of many cues, recent work with healthy younger adults and older adults (including pilot work for this proposal) has demonstrated that some individuals tend to rely more on higher-level contextual information and others rely more on lower-level acoustic-phonetic information to interpret ambiguities in speech. The goal of this project is to test the hypothesis that these individual patterns of cue use will explain differences in speech comprehension (Aim 1) and to examine at what point in processing these individual differences arise using neural data collected from electroencephalography (EEG; Aim 2). One two-session experiment will be run testing younger and older adults on an audiometry battery, a cognitive battery, a cue use task in which they listen to sentences that contain ambiguous words, and a passive storybook listening task. EEG will be recorded during the cue use task and the storybook listening. While controlling for hearing and cognitive abilities, the contribution of an individual’s cue use will be tested in a model predicting speech comprehension (Aim 1). Neural data will then be analyzed to test three potential mechanisms that could lead to behavioral differences in cue use: (1) differences in early perceptual encoding of ambiguities in speech, (2) differences in later repair processes, and (3) differences in overall predictive mechanisms. A combination of event-related potential (ERP) and temporal response function (TRF) analyses will be performed to identify the locus of individual differences. Overall, this proposal provides important insight into different profiles of ARHL, and insights from neural data will highlight where in processing differences arise, potentially serving as a basis for designing effective treatments. Additionally, studying patterns of cue use may potentially reveal individuals whose ARHL may initially go undetected (those who tend to rely more on contextual cues). This proposal will prepare the applicant to lead an independent line of work examining the neurobiology of speech comprehension from an individual differences lens. Specifically, this proposal will give the applicant opportunities to engage with clinicians, expand individual differences work in cue use into older adults, and gain expertise in multiple computationally intensive analysis methods of EEG data.

项目总结/摘要 听力损失（ARHL）影响大量老年人（约50%的75岁以上成年人），但并非所有人 个人同样受到影响。了解为什么一些老年人更容易与ARHL斗争是一个 这是设计更有效治疗方案的重要第一步。本提案探讨了以下假设： 在使用语境与声学-语音线索方面的个体差异解释了言语的变化 理解能力，而不仅仅是听觉能力。自然的听觉环境包含着各种各样的线索 听众可以依靠它来帮助理解语言。尽管有许多线索，最近的工作 健康的年轻人和老年人（包括本提案的试点工作）已经证明， 有些人倾向于更依赖于高层次的上下文信息，而另一些人则更依赖于低层次的上下文信息。 语音信息来解释语音中的歧义。本项目的目标是测试 假设这些线索使用的个体模式将解释言语理解的差异（目标1） 并使用从神经系统中收集的数据来检查在处理这些个体差异的过程中出现的点。 脑电图（EEG; Aim 2）。一个两阶段的实验将测试年轻人和老年人 成年人在听力测试电池，认知电池，线索使用任务中，他们听的句子， 包含模棱两可的单词，和一个被动的故事书听力任务。将在使用提示期间记录EEG 听故事，听故事。在控制听力和认知能力的同时， 个体的提示使用将在预测言语理解的模型中进行测试（目标1）。神经数据将 分析三种可能导致线索用途：行为差异的潜在机制：（1） 语音中歧义的早期感知编码的差异，（2）后期修复过程的差异，以及 (3)整体预测机制的差异。结合事件相关电位（ERP）和时间 将进行反应函数（TRF）分析，以确定个体差异的位点。总体而言，这 该提案提供了对ARHL不同特征的重要见解，来自神经数据的见解将强调 在处理过程中出现差异的地方，潜在地作为设计有效处理的基础。 此外，研究线索使用的模式可能会揭示ARHL最初可能发生的个体， 未被发现的（那些倾向于更多地依赖于上下文线索的人）。该提案将为申请人领导做好准备 这是一项独立的工作，研究个体言语理解的神经生物学。 差异透镜。具体而言，该提案将为申请人提供与临床医生接触的机会， 扩大个体差异的工作线索使用到老年人，并获得专业知识，在多个计算 脑电数据密集分析方法。