Severity and long-term health effects of COVID-19 among World Trade Center responders

COVID-19 对世贸中心急救人员的严重程度和长期健康影响

• 批准号: 10620252
• 负责人: BENJAMIN J LUFT
• 金额: $ 58.51万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10620252
• 关键词: Severity; long; term; health; effects

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT Since late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 virus, and a resulting, potentially deadly disease called COVID-19, have caused a global pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 primarily causes disease in lungs but can also cause gastrointestinal and neurological disease. The majority of SARS-CoV-2 infections are mild, however people of older age and people with certain pre-existing conditions are at increased risk of severe illness and death. Emerging evidence suggests that genetic factors may also contribute to COVID-19 severity. While most infections completely resolve within several weeks, some people continue experiencing COVID-19 symptoms for weeks or even months after recovering from acute illness. Of major concern is an emerging evidence that even those who recover from symptomatic COVID-19 and even those who had a mild disease, may experience serious long-term complications affecting different body organs. Some of these complications include respiratory, cardiovascular, renal, neurological, and psychiatric conditions. Importantly, many potential long-term effects of COVID-19, as well as risk factors for long-term complications, remain unknown. Men and women who worked as first responders during the tragic 9/11/2001 World Trade Center (WTC) events constitute an aging population. Toxic exposures at the WTC sites caused a disproportionally high prevalence of certain health conditions (designated as WTC-related conditions) in this population, many of which have either been identified or are hypothesized to be risk factors for severe COVID-19 disease and may increase the likelihood of developing long-term complications. New York City (NYC) area, including Long Island, suffered from a major early SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, with an estimated 19-23% of the general population being infected in NYC. Pilot data from Long Island WTC Health Program suggest that about 10% of WTC responders in this area may have been infected. This research project aims to: 1) Assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 disease, and mandatory social distancing measures on short- and long-term physical and mental health outcomes among WTC responders; 2) Investigate demographic, health, and occupational risk factors, as well as the impact of toxic WTC exposures on COVID-19 disease severity and negative health outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection, and 3) Investigate genetic risk factors for COVID-19 disease severity and negative post-COVID outcomes. We hypothesize that in this population SARS-CoV-2 infection will exacerbate incidence and progression of respiratory, cardiovascular, and mental health conditions, and that similar demographic, health, genetic, occupational, and toxic exposure factors will be associated with increased risk of severe disease and long-term complications. The results of this study will help to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on WTC responders, identify sub-populations at increased risk of negative outcomes, and inform targeted interventions to manage these risks. Some of the study findings, in particular occupational and genetic risk factors of negative COVID-19 outcomes, will have broader implications beyond WTC responder population.

项目概要/摘要 自 2019 年底以来，SARS-CoV-2 病毒以及由此产生的一种名为 COVID-19 的潜在致命疾病导致了 全球大流行。 SARS-CoV-2 主要引起肺部疾病，但也可引起胃肠道和 神经系统疾病。大多数 SARS-CoV-2 感染都是轻度感染，但老年人和人群 患有某些已有疾病的人患严重疾病和死亡的风险增加。新出现的证据表明 遗传因素也可能导致 COVID-19 的严重程度。虽然大多数感染会在体内完全消退 几周后，有些人在几周甚至几个月内仍会出现 COVID-19 症状 从急性疾病中康复。令人主要关注的是，新出现的证据表明，即使是那些从疾病中康复的人 有症状的 COVID-19 患者，甚至病情较轻的患者，也可能会出现严重的长期并发症 影响身体的不同器官。其中一些并发症包括呼吸系统、心血管、肾脏、 神经系统和精神疾病。重要的是，COVID-19 的许多潜在长期影响以及 长期并发症的危险因素仍然未知。 在 2001 年 9 月 11 日世界贸易中心 (WTC) 悲惨事件中担任急救人员的男男女女 构成人口老龄化。世贸中心的有毒物质暴露导致了不成比例的高患病率 该人群中存在某些健康状况（指定为世贸中心相关状况），其中许多人患有 已被确定或假设为严重 COVID-19 疾病的危险因素，并可能增加可能性 发展长期并发症。包括长岛在内的纽约市 (NYC) 地区遭受了严重的 SARS-CoV-2 爆发早期，纽约市估计有 19-23% 的普通人口被感染。飞行员 长岛世贸中心健康计划的数据表明，该地区约 10% 的世贸中心响应者可能患有 被感染。该研究项目旨在： 1) 评估 SARS-CoV-2 感染、COVID-19 疾病、 以及对短期和长期身心健康结果的强制性社会疏远措施 世贸中心响应人员； 2) 调查人口、健康和职业风险因素，以及有毒物质的影响 WTC 曝光了 SARS-CoV-2 感染后的 COVID-19 疾病严重程度和负面健康结果， 3) 调查影响 COVID-19 疾病严重程度和 COVID 后负面结果的遗传风险因素。我们 假设在该人群中，SARS-CoV-2 感染将加剧疾病的发生和进展 呼吸、心血管和心理健康状况，以及类似的人口、健康、遗传、 职业和有毒暴露因素将与严重疾病和长期患病风险增加相关 并发症。这项研究的结果将有助于更好地了解 COVID-19 对世贸中心的影响 响应者，确定出现负面结果的风险较高的亚人群，并为有针对性的干预措施提供信息 来管理这些风险。一些研究结果，特别是职业和遗传风险因素的负面影响 COVID-19 的结果将对世贸中心响应者群体产生更广泛的影响。