IMPROVING EVERYDAY MEMORY IN HEALTHY AGING AND EARLY ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

改善健康老龄化和早期阿尔茨海默病的日常记忆

• 批准号: 10620633
• 负责人: Jeffrey M Zacks
• 金额: $ 39.38万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10620633
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Anatomy; Attention; Basic Science; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Biological; Cereals; Child; Cities; Clinic; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Cognitive; Computer Models; Dementia; Elderly; Elements; Environment; Epidemiology; Event; Failure; Family; Goals; Human; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Joints; Laboratories; Laboratory Finding; Life; Measures; Medial; Memory; Methods; Nervous System; Neurologic; Older Population; Organ; Paper; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Pattern; Perception; Persons; Positioning Attribute; Positron-Emission Tomography; Reporting; Resolution; Sampling; Sensory; Source; Stream; Structure; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Translating; age effect; age related; attentional control; behavior test; brain dysfunction; brain metabolism; clinical application; demented; effective intervention; experience; experimental study; healthy aging; improved; innovation; insight; member; memory encoding; memory retrieval; metabolic imaging; movie; neural; neuroimaging; neuropathology; neurophysiology; novel; psychologic; remediation; scaffold; translational goal; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Memory for events in the recent past is crucial for effective functioning in everyday environments. Imagine someone is retiring and moving to a new city to be with family. Event memory will allow them to remember how to get to the grocery store and in which aisle to look for cereal, which neighbor's child to ask about mowing the lawn, and whether it is late enough to check if the mail has arrived. Failures of event memory are exactly the problems that bring elders into the neurological clinic and raise concerns that they may be developing Alzheimer's disease (AD)—both major epidemiological concerns, given that the population of older adults and the number of people with AD are growing dramatically. However, there is a large gap between this kind of memory and memory as it is usually studied in the psychological and neuroscientific laboratory, by presenting people with disconnected words, pictures, or sentences. Recent empirical and theoretical results have identified specialized neural and computational mechanisms that segment ongoing activity into meaningful events and have shown that these mechanisms are important for memory formation. In this proposal, we describe a novel synthesis and extension of previous approaches to the effects of age and AD on memory, based on these innovations. This synthesis opens up an opportunity to better understand how the mechanisms of human memory encoding change with age and AD, and at the same time to test the potential of novel interventions for potential clinical application to memory improvement. This project will capitalize on this opportunity, achieving three specific aims: Specific Aim 1 will test whether and how attention to event segmentation improves elders' memory for everyday activity at delays from minutes to week. Two well-powered experiments will extend a promising intervention that has been shown to improve event memory in young adults to older adult samples, testing memory at delays up to one month. Specific Aim 2 will test the hypothesis that effective event segmentation improves the resolution of elders' posterior/medial memory representations. Structures in the medial temporal lobes and posterior medial parietal cortex have been shown to be important for event memory and are affected by healthy aging and early AD. Two studies will test whether improving event segmentation improves the resolution of memory representations in these regions. Specific Aim 3 will test whether the mechanisms and consequences of segmentation improvement are maintained or impaired by early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease. Early AD selectively impairs the very systems that are proposed to be important for representing event memories. Two studies will test the possibility that improving event segmentation improves event memory in people with early symptomatic AD.

项目摘要/摘要 最近的事件记忆对于在每天环境中有效运作至关重要。 想象一下，有人正在退休并搬到新的城市与家人在一起。事件记忆将允许他们 要记住如何到达杂货店以及在哪个过道上寻找谷物，邻居的 孩子询问有关割法法律的问题，以及是否足够晚，可以检查邮件是否到达。 事件记忆的失败正是将长者带入神经系统诊所的问题 人们担心他们可能正在发展阿尔茨海默氏病（AD） - 主要流行病学 考虑到老年人的人口和广告人数正在增加 龙。但是，这种记忆和记忆之间存在很大的差距 通过向人们展示断开连接的人，研究了心理和神经科学实验室 单词，图片或句子。 最近的经验和理论结果已经确定了专门的神经和计算 将持续活动分为有意义的事件的机制，并表明这些 机制对于记忆形成很重要。在此提案中，我们描述了一种新颖的综合和 基于这些 创新。这种综合为更好地理解的机制提供了一个机会 人类记忆随着年龄和AD的形式编码变化，同时测试新颖的潜力 潜在的临床应用进行记忆改善的干预措施。这个项目将大写 这个机会，实现了三个具体目标： 特定的目标1将测试事件细分的关注以及如何改善长者的关注 每天延误的每天活动的记忆。两个功率强大的实验将 扩展了一种承诺干预措施，该干预措施已被证明可以改善年轻人的事件记忆 老年人样本，测试记忆延迟长达一个月。 特定目标2将检验以下假设，即有效事件分割改善了 长者后验/媒体记忆表示的解决方案。结构 媒体临时爱情和后媒体顶叶皮层对事件很重要 记忆并受到健康衰老和早期广告的影响。两项研究将测试是否有所改善 事件分割改善了这些区域中内存表示的分辨率。 特定目标3将测试分割的机制和后果 早期有症状的阿尔茨海默氏病维持或损害改善。早期广告 有选择地损害建议对代表事件很重要的系统 回忆。两项研究将测试改进事件细分改善事件的可能性 早期症状广告的人的记忆。