ShEEP Request for Sensorimotor Dynamic Response Measurement System

到目前为止，跌倒是老年人意外受伤和死亡的主要原因。退伍军人人数 受跌倒的影响更严重，因为它明显比总人口年龄大(65岁以上45% 年龄与13%)；退伍军人将从准确的诊断和治疗中受益更多 平衡赤字和下跌倾向。尽管它很重要，但关于它是以什么方式 平衡控制受到年龄和疾病的影响。这是一项获得Sensorimotor Dynamic 来自政府科学资源公司的响应测量系统(SDRM)用于测量信号 处理延迟、传输延迟和与四个反馈感应器相关的神经噪声 参与站立和行走平衡的通路，由此产生的前馈运动信号传递到 肌肉系统，以及相关肌肉系统的反应动力学。 人体的平衡是由许多相互作用的感觉运动和 肌肉骨骼元素，组织成一个自适应反馈控制回路。这些元素交流 通过神经信号相互联系，这些信号的质量在很大程度上构成了一个重要的 忽略了此循环的性能方面。衰老、相关的疾病和伤害不仅会导致 这个环路中的元素恶化；它们还增加了与其神经相关的延迟和噪声 信号。增加的传输延迟和噪声本身会降低平衡系统的性能 如果它们变得过多，可能会导致这样的系统失败。尽管它很重要，但与平衡相关的 很少对传输延迟和噪声进行全面的测量和调查 系统的方式。特别提款权制度弥补了这一差距。这些信息对于研究易受攻击的人是有价值的 退伍军人群体，因为它提供了个人平衡能力的量化衡量标准。恰如其分 对感觉功能平衡的评估需要将每一种通道与其他通道分开 独立测试(以防止感觉系统冗余的混杂影响)以确定 它检测相关刺激的准确性和灵敏度；它的信号到达的速度 大脑的高级处理中心，以及与其信号相关的噪音。然后是SDRM 测量大脑的运动中枢传递肌肉激活指令的速度 肌肉系统，与这些信号相关的噪音，以及肌肉由此产生的激活动力 回应。这些措施可以与年轻健康的人相比，没有缺陷 量化年龄、疾病和伤害带来的恶化程度；并跟踪平衡的变化 随时间推移的能力。该系统还可以识别特定平衡系统的相对贡献 元素和它们传递给这种恶化的神经信号。 政府科学资源公司将提供集成系统。由SDRMS进行的评估 在与其五个模块中的每个模块相对应的五个阶段中发生。尽管这些模块在 序列中，它们共享单独的组件。因此，不可能“打破体制”，而且 将这些模块用作单独的测量系统。此外，尽管个体的感觉模式 和前馈路径相互隔离地进行测试，重要的是所有评估都要 连续进行，因为平衡系统可以随着时间的推移以微妙的方式进行调整和变化。

Falls are by far the leading cause of accidental injury and death in older adults. The Veteran population is more severely affected by falls since it is significantly older than the overall population (45% over 65 years of age vs. 13%); and Veterans would benefit substantially more from an accurate diagnosis and treatment of balance deficits and fall propensity. Despite its importance, much is still unknown about the manner in which balance control is compromised by age and disease. This is a proposal to acquire a Sensorimotor Dynamic Response Measurement System (SDRMS) from Government Scientific Source, Inc. to measure signal processing delays, transmission delays, and the neural noise associated with the four feedback sensorimotor pathways involved in standing and walking balance, the resulting feedforward motor signals to the musculature, and the response dynamics of the associated musculature. Human balance is controlled and maintained by numerous interacting sensorimotor and musculoskeletal elements, organized into an adaptive feedback control loop. These elements communicate with one another via neural signals, and the quality of these signals constitutes an important, largely overlooked aspect of this loop’s performance. Aging, associated morbidities, and injuries not only cause the elements within this loop to deteriorate; they also increase the delays and noise associated with their neural signals. Increased transmission delays and noise will in themselves degrade balance system performance and can cause such a system to fail if they become excessive. Despite its significance, balance-related transmission delays and noise have rarely been measured and investigated in a comprehensive and systematic manner. The SDRMS addresses this gap. This information is valuable for studying vulnerable Veteran populations in that it provides quantitative measures of an individual’s balance capability. Proper assessment of the sensory function in balance requires that each modality be isolated from the others and tested independently (to prevent the confounding effects of sensory system redundancy) to determine the accuracy and sensitivity with which it detects its associated stimulus; the speed with which its signals reach the higher level processing centers of the brain, and the noise associated with its signal. The SDRMS then measures the speed with which the motor centers of the brain communicate muscle activation commands to the musculature, the noise associated with these signals, and the muscles’ resulting activation dynamic response. These measures can be compared with those of young healthy individuals with no deficits to quantify the degree of deterioration brought on by age, disease, and injury; and to track changes in balance capability over time. The system can also identify the relative contribution of specific balance system elements and the neural signals they transmit to this deterioration. Government Scientific Source, Inc. will deliver the integrated system. Assessment by the SDRMS occurs in five phases corresponding to each of its five modules. Though the modules are employed in sequence, they share individual components. Thus, it would not be possible to “break the system apart” and employ the modules as separate measurement systems. Moreover, though the individual sensory modalities and feedforward pathways are tested in isolation from one another, it is important that all the assessments be conducted contiguously, as the balance system can adapt and change in subtle ways over time.