课题基金 / 基金详情

Exosome Based Placental Maternal Communication

Exosome Based Placental Maternal Communication
基于外泌体的胎盘母体通讯
批准号:
10565690
负责人:
Yoel Sadovsky
金额:
$40.12万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
未结题
起止时间:
2017-02-01 至 2027-01-31

项目摘要

项目成果

Yoel Sadovsky的其他基金

相似基金

相关文献

中文摘要
翻译
点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要
英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Pregnancy is a unique period in which the inherent biological complexity of any single human organism is exponentially amplified by an intimate interaction between a rapidly developing fetus and an adult mother who exhibits remarkable physiological adaptations over the nine months of pregnancy. Importantly, the biological interests of the two organisms are not always congruent, reflecting conflicting metabolic interests and limited supplies. Furthermore, maternal-fetal interaction does not occur through a passive sieve, but is actively and dynamically orchestrated by the placenta, an organ with its own set of physiological needs. It is therefore apparent that any disruption of the homeostatic equilibrium among the mother, placenta, fetus or their environment may manifest as a clinical disease that challenges maternal physiology (e.g., preeclampsia) or fetal development (e.g., fetal growth restriction), or may lead to premature termination of the pregnancy (e.g., preterm birth). The intact function of the placenta includes a set of signals that are generated by placental trophoblasts and communicated to the maternal and/or the fetal compartments. These signals include hormones (proteins, glycoproteins, steroid hormones) and growth factors, which have a paracrine and endocrine effect on maternal and, possibly, fetal tissues. Our new line of research centers on nanovesicle (exosome)-based communication. These exosomes are produced in human trophoblasts and harbor signals that are germane to pregnancy health. Among these signals are placenta-specific microRNAs (miRNAs) that, we recently showed, confer viral resistance to recipient cells. These miRNAs may also impact local placental biological processes, such as trophoblast migration and invasion. While the placenta produces an abundant number of exosomes, their target tissues are currently unknown. Moreover, the mechanisms by which placental exosomes deliver their cargo to target cells and the regulation of their intracellular function have not been hitherto investigated. We therefore seek to test the hypothesis that human trophoblastic exosomes use specific uptake mechanisms to target maternal tissues, locally and distantly, and impact cell function. We will test our hypothesis using human trophoblasts and exosomes derived from pregnant women. For those experiments that cannot be performed in humans, we will use mice that have been validated as appropriately modeling the human processes under study. Ultimately, our data will illuminate previously unknown mechanisms of crucial, exosome-based communication between the feto-placental and maternal compartments. Further, as placental exosomes are accessible via the blood, data generated by our investigation will introduce new means to investigate the human placenta, and may promote the use of exosomes as part of the diagnostics of placental dysfunction and indicate new avenues for nanoparticle-based therapeutics.
期刊论文(0)
专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
会议论文
Exosome Based Placental Maternal Communication
Extracellular vesicles and their ncRNA cargo as markers of trophoblast injury
Extracellular vesicles and their ncRNA cargo as markers of trophoblast injury
Molecular and Cellular Controls of Placental Metabolism
海外基金