HISPANIC COMMUNITY HEALTH STUDY-STUDY OF LATINOS (HCHS-SOL)

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The Hispanic Community Health Study-Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), an observational and longitudinal study of Hispanic/Latino heath was initiated in 2006. The study primary aims are (a) to describe the prevalence of selected diseases and conditions (especially cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases), (b) to describe the prevalence of risk or protective factors associated to those selected diseases, and (c) to study the relationship between baseline health profile and all-cause mortality and fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular and pulmonary events in a cohort of Hispanic/Latino adults of diverse heritage groups. From 2008 to 2011 over 16,000 Hispanic/Latino adults (aged 18-74 years) were recruited and examined in four U.S. cities (San Diego, CA; Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; and the Bronx, NY) following a probabilistic sampling of the participating communities. At baseline, the cohort included Hispanics/Latinos who self-identified their origin or heritage as Mexican (41%), Puerto Rican (17%), Cuban (15%), Dominican (9%), Central American (11%), and South American (7%). The aims of the baseline examination (Visit 1) were to estimate the prevalence of major cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases (CVPD) and their risk (or protective) factors, and the prevalence of other chronic conditions including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, hearing impairment, neurocognitive disorders, dental and periodontal disease, and sleep disorders, among others. In addition, a battery of interviews was administered by trained and certified personnel. Since 2009, the cohort has been prospectively followed to assess changes in health status (new diagnoses and CVPD risk factors), and visits to the emergency room, hospitalizations and deaths due to CVPD events (i.e., acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and exacerbation of asthma and COPD) and all-cause mortality. Baseline cross-sectional analyses have been presented in many scientific meetings and published in scientific journals. A second examination (Visit 2) was initiated in October 2014 and completed in December 2017. The second examination (shorter than Visit 1) included an update in medical history (including CV risk factors and utilization of healthcare services), an echocardiogram for participants aged 45 years and older, and in-depth reproductive and pregnancy history from all women. Approximately 82% of participants participated in Visit 2 and throughout the annual follow-up interviews. Analyses involving changes in risk/protective factors over time (i.e., from Visit 1 to Visit 2) are currently being generated. The renewal of the funding to continue the annual follow-up, CVPD endpoint ascertainment (and potentially a third examination) is in progress. The performance of a third examination (Visit 3) is contingent upon the successful funding of an ancillary study that requires bringing participants (or a subsample) back to all Field Centers. The new contract is projected to start on December 1, 2018 and end on November 30, 2024.