NETWORK, CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR DETERMINANTS OF BEHAVIOR

行为的网络、细胞和分子决定因素

• 批准号: 2032921
• 负责人: KLAUDIUSZ ROBERT WEISS
• 金额: $ 10.57万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-01-01 至 2001-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2032921
• 关键词: Aplysia; alternatives to animals in research; behavioral /social science research tag; eating; electrophysiology; immunocytochemistry; motor neurons; muscle; muscle contraction; neural information processing; neural plasticity; neural transmission; neuroanatomy; neuropeptides; neurotransmitters; oral behavior; swallowing

The long term goal of our research is to understand the neural basis of plasticity of complex motivated behaviors. Towards this goal, we propose to investigate the circuits and neural mechanisms that are responsible for the generation of feeding behavior in a simple model system, Aplysia californica. This research will utilize an integrated interdisciplinary approach that combines anatomical, immunocytochemical, electrophysiological, and biochemical techniques with a behavioral analysis. The major question we will investigate concerns the ability of an organism to utilize the same neuronal elements and the same muscles in executing a variety of coordinated behaviors each of which can vary in their intensity and speed. We propose that this may be achieved by two major groups of mechanisms. The first, consists of creating different functional motor circuits, through activation of different combinations of motorneurons for different behaviors, and of changes of firing patterns of motorneurons in those cases when within a single behavior either the intensity or the frequency of responding change. The second postulated group of mechanisms operate by changing the proportions and combination of modulatory cotransmitters (especially neuropeptides) and classical transmitters acting on the muscle, thus adjusting the properties of the muscle to meet specific behavioral demands. A conceptual model that incorporates both groups of mechanisms will be tested, and if correct, will help guide future studies of the role that circuit selection and neuromodulation play in motivated behaviors. These studies should facilitate understanding of the neural basis of motivated behaviors and of their dysfunction, as seen in prevalent material illnesses such as depression and mania.

我们研究的长期目标是了解神经 基础 复杂动机行为的可塑性。为了实现这个目标，我们 提议 来研究这些电路和神经机制 负责任的 对于简单模型系统中的摄食行为的产生， 海兔属 卡里福尼卡。这项研究将利用一个综合的 跨学科 结合了解剖学、免疫细胞化学、 电生理和生化技术与行为 分析。我们将调查的主要问题涉及 具备以下能力 一种有机体利用相同的神经元元件和相同的 中的肌肉 执行各种协调的行为，每种行为都可能有所不同 在……里面 他们的强度和速度。我们建议可以通过以下方式实现这一点 二 机制的主要群体。第一，包括创造 不同 功能马达电路，通过激活不同的 组合 不同行为的运动神经元，以及放电的变化 在这些情况下的运动神经元的模式 行为 反应的强度或频率发生变化。这个 第二 假设的机构组通过改变比例来运行 和 调节性共递质(特别是神经肽)的组合 和 作用于肌肉的经典递质，从而调整 肌肉的特性，以满足特定的行为需求。一个 包含这两组机制的概念模型将 BE 经过测试，如果正确，将有助于指导未来对这一角色的研究 那 回路选择和神经调节在动机行为中发挥作用。 这些 研究应该有助于理解脑瘫的神经基础。 动力十足 行为及其功能障碍，如流行材料所见 抑郁症和躁狂症等疾病。