VIRAL LIKE SEQUENCES IN THE MOUSE

内源性前病毒和其他逆转录病毒样序列已经被发现， 被证明代表了许多人基因组的重要部分， 真核生物 这些复古元素中的大多数都无法再复制 产生新的传染性病毒颗粒，但仍然可能有 对它们的宿主机体产生了深远的影响。 它们经常出现在多个 分散在整个染色体上的拷贝。虽然大多数是 可能是良性的，许多人都与这种现象有关， 诱变、致癌、重组和转座。 虽然 这些遗传元件中的许多已经在一个 真核生物的范围，所有的证据表明，有更多的， 还有待研究。 此外，即使对于那些已被归类为 在某种程度上，我们对这个序列如何作为一个 一个物种中的“种群”。 例如，给定一个内源性前病毒 其中一个单一的元素已经被排序，并且有证据表明 同样的元素存在于基因组中的许多拷贝中，我们现在可以 问其故，问其故。 这些元素在整个基因组中。 这些问题的答案可以 提供洞察力，以更有意义的问题，有关的模式， 这些序列的传播和进化。 这是我们的目标 一个项目，详细分析一个人口内部的 前病毒，第一个成员-其中描述了由斯塔芬和 罗宾斯在1988年，齐默勒和帕斯莫尔在1991年。 该项目的具体目标是：1）确定 这些元素在小鼠种内和种间的分布， Southern杂交分析，2）确定一个更完整的序列 最近描述了该群体的第三个成员，使用锚定PCR， 克隆和随后的测序，以及3）克隆和表征其他 通过用探针筛选λ DNA文库， 对内源性前病毒有特异性

Endogenous proviruses and other retroviral-like sequence have been demonstrated to represent a significant portion of the genome of many eukaryotes. The majority of these retro-elements can no longer replicate to produce new infectious viral particles, but may nevertheless still have profound effects on their host organism. They are often found in multiple copies scattered throughout the chromosomal complement. Although most are probably benign, many have been implicated in such phenomenon as mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, recombination and transposition. Although many of these genetic elements have been described and sequenced in a range of eukaryotes, all evidence indicates that there are far more that have yet to be studied. Also, even for those that have been categorized to some extent, there is little we know about how that sequence acts as a "population" within a species. For instance, given a endogenous provirus where a single element has been sequenced, and where evidence indicates that the same element exists in numerous copies in the genome, we can now ask questions concerning the variation (sequence), and distribution of these elements throughout the genome. The answers to such questions can supply insight into even more meaningful questions concerning the modes of transmission, and evolution of these sequences. It is the goal of this project to undertake a detailed analysis of a population of endogenous proviruses, the first members-of which were described by Stavenhagen and Robbins in 1988, and Zimmerer and Passmore in 1991. The specific aims of the project are to: 1) determine the patterns of distribution of these elements within and between species of Mus by Southern blot analysis, 2) determine the complete sequence of a more recently described third member of this population, using anchored PCR, cloning and subsequent sequencing, and 3) clone and characterize other members of this group by screening lambda DNA libraries with probes specific for this endogenous provirus.