FUNDAMENTAL FACTORS THAT AFFECT DUST GENERATION

影响粉尘产生的基本因素

• 批准号: 3420668
• 负责人: DAVID H LEITH
• 金额: $ 7.77万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-12-01 至 1990-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3420668
• 关键词: air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; biosensor device; dust; industrial waste; industry; occupational hazard; water sampling /testing

Powders and granulated solids are used throughout industry. Wherever these materials are handled, they generate dust that can affect worker health, cause a safety problem, or cause a nuisance. The research proposed here will investigate fundamental factors that affect dust generation, and explore ways that dust generation can be controlled. This work will allow health and safety problems related to dust exposure to be assessed more knowledgeably, and to be reduced more efficiently. Factors that affect the rate dust is generated and its resultant size distribution (dustiness) are poorly understood. The proposed research will address this point through three objectives. (1) develop a test that measures dustiness, (2) use the test to understand factors that affect dustiness, and (3) evaluate measures by which dustiness can be controlled. The effects of material size distribution, drop height, moisture content, material flow, and amount of entrained air will be explored. In the work planned, granular material with measured characteristics will be dropped a known distance at a known rate. The mass and size distribution of the generated dust will be measured using a high-volume cascade impactor in an apparatus designed to capture all generated dust. The amount of air entrained in the falling material will also be measured. Results will be analyzed using theory that rests on fundamental understanding of phenomena that affect dustiness. The test to be developed can be used: (1) to set dustiness standards for materials used in industry, (2) to assess the inherent dustiness of processes and materials, important for the pre-manufacture notification requirements of TOSCA, and (3) to permit ready evaluation of changes to materials and processes that can control dust. The test will allow an easy, inexpensive way to characterize dust sources.

粉末和颗粒状固体在整个工业中使用。哪里 这些材料被处理，它们产生的灰尘会影响工人 健康、造成安全问题或造成滋扰。研究 这里提出的将调查影响灰尘的基本因素 我们正在研究如何控制粉尘的产生，并探索控制粉尘产生的方法。这 工作将允许与粉尘暴露有关的健康和安全问题， 更明智地评估，更有效地减少。 影响粉尘产生速率及其最终尺寸的因素 分布（含尘量）知之甚少。拟议研究 将通过三个目标来解决这一问题。(1)开发一个测试， 测量含尘量，（2）使用测试来了解影响 （3）评价可以降低粉尘的措施。 控制。研究了物料粒度分布、跌落高度、 水分含量、材料流量和夹带空气量将 探讨了 在计划的工作中，具有测量特性的颗粒材料将 以已知的速率下落一段已知的距离质量和大小 所产生的灰尘的分布将使用高容量 在设计用于捕获所有产生的粉尘的装置中使用级联冲击器。 在下落的材料中夹带的空气量也将是 测定了结果将使用基于基本原理的理论进行分析。 对影响粉尘的现象的理解。 拟开发的测试可用于：（1）制定粉尘标准， 工业中使用的材料，（2）评估 工艺和材料，对制造前通知很重要 （3）允许随时评估TOSCA的变更， 可以控制粉尘的材料和工艺。测试将允许一个 简单，廉价的方法来表征灰尘来源。