PASSIVE SAMPLER FOR PARTICLES

粒子被动采样器

• 批准号: 6141432
• 负责人: DAVID H LEITH
• 金额: $ 3.72万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-30 至 2000-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6141432
• 关键词: air sampling /monitoring; biomedical equipment development; occupational health /safety; particle

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract) Although small, passive samplers to determine exposure to gases and vapors are commercially available, small samplers for particles have not yet been developed. Area samplers for particles often require 110 volt power; personal samplers require belt-worn pumps and tubing that winds around the worker to reach the breathing-zone. If a small, inexpensive sampler for particles can be developed that is similar to the passive samplers used to monitor gases and vapors, our ability to monitor particle exposures will improve substantially. Further, a particle monitor should ideally determine long-term exposures as chronic exposures cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thus, the objective of this research is to develop a miniature, passive aerosol sampler that will reliably estimate long-term average concentrations and size distributions. The prototype passive sampler described here is about the size of a dime and costs only a few dollars. It collects particles by gravity, diffusion, and convection. After exposure the sampler is capped, then sent to the laboratory for examination with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The concentration and size distribution of particles in the air during sampling are determined from the SEM data using a model for particle deposition velocity. Analyses can be automated to keep costs low. This pilot study will evaluate the operation of a prototype passive sampler in a wind tunnel under controlled conditions. Limited field trials will be conducted at an industrial site, where the performance of passive and conventional samplers can be compared. This work, if successful, will lead to an RO1 proposal to evaluate passive particle samplers more thoroughly.

描述：（改编自研究者摘要）虽然小， 用于确定暴露于气体和蒸汽的被动采样器在商业上 但是还没有开发出用于颗粒的可用的小型采样器。 区域 颗粒取样器通常需要110伏电源;个人取样器 需要带磨损的泵和管道，缠绕在工人周围，以达到 呼吸区 如果一个小的，便宜的颗粒取样器可以 开发的类似于用于监测气体的被动采样器， 蒸汽，我们监测颗粒暴露的能力将提高 实质上。 此外，理想情况下，颗粒监测器应确定 长期接触会造成慢性阻塞性肺疾病， 疾病 因此，本研究的目的是开发一种微型， 被动气溶胶采样器，将可靠地估计长期平均 浓度和尺寸分布。 这里描述的原型被动采样器大约是一角硬币的大小， 只需几美元。 它通过重力、扩散和 对流 暴露后，将取样器加盖，然后送至 实验室用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）检查。 的 采样期间空气中颗粒物的浓度和粒度分布 使用颗粒沉积模型由SEM数据确定 速度 分析可以自动化，以保持低成本。 这项试验性研究将评估一个原型被动采样器的操作 在受控条件下的风洞中。 将进行有限的实地试验 在一个工业现场进行，其中被动和 可以比较传统的采样器。 这项工作，如果成功，将导致 一个RO 1的建议，以评估被动粒子采样器更彻底。