FACTORS THAT AFFECT GENERATION OF COOLANT MISTS

影响冷却液雾生成的因素

• 批准号: 2277920
• 负责人: DAVID H LEITH
• 金额: $ 10.98万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-09-30 至 1998-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2277920
• 关键词: aerosols; mathematical model; model design /development; occupational hazard

Exposure to coolant mists produced by metal machining operations has long been associated with occupational disease. In recent years, evidence linking exposure to coolant mists with cancers of the gastrointestinal tract have led to calls for a substantial lowering of the PEL for these mists: from 5.0 to 0.5 mg/m3. To achieve these levels, effective controls are crucial. At present, mist control is accomplished by ventilation of the mist- producing process, then collection of the mist from the ventilation air. Another control method, potentially even more effective than ventilation and collection, is to reduce the generation of these mists at the source. Reducing mist generation requires knowledge of the factors that affect the generation rate and size distribution of these mists. This proposal is for a fundamental investigation of factors that affect the generation of coolant mists. This research will characterize how metal turning and metal grinding operations generate coolant mists. Experiments will be conducted in which mist generation rates and size distributions will be characterized for both processes over a range of operating conditions. Results will be analyzed through dimensionless groups that characterize process characteristics such as surface velocity, process power, and coolant flow, and fluid characteristics such as viscosity and surface tension. The results of this research will be presented in equations that predict mist generation rate and size distribution. These equations will suggest how machining processes and the properties of coolant fluids might be altered to reduce mist generation. They may also be useful to help characterize past mist exposures for epidemiological studies where exposure measurements were not made or were incomplete.

长期以来，人们一直暴露在金属加工操作产生的冷却液雾中 与职业病有关。近年来，证据 接触冷却液雾与胃肠道癌症的关系 许多人呼吁大幅降低这些项目的 PEL 雾气：5.0 至 0.5 mg/m3。为了达到这些水平，有效的控制 是至关重要的。 目前，雾气控制是通过雾气通风来实现的。 生产过程中，然后收集通风空气中的雾气。 另一种控制方法，可能比通风更有效 而收集，就是从源头上减少这些雾气的产生。 减少雾气的产生需要了解影响雾气产生的因素 这些雾的产生速率和尺寸分布。该提案是为了 对影响生成的因素进行根本性调查 冷却剂雾。 这项研究将描述金属车削和金属磨削如何 操作会产生冷却液雾。将进行以下实验： 雾产生率和尺寸分布的特征为 这两个过程都在一系列操作条件下进行。结果将是 通过表征过程的无量纲组进行分析 表面速度、工艺功率和冷却​​液流量等特性， 以及流体特性，例如粘度和表面张力。 这项研究的结果将以方程的形式呈现，预测 雾气产生率和尺寸分布。这些方程将表明 加工工艺和冷却液的特性可能如何 改变以减少雾气的产生。它们也可能有助于帮助 描述过去雾气暴露的特征，以进行流行病学研究，其中 未进行或不完整的暴露测量。