SOCIAL INFLUENCES ON RHESUS MONKEY FOOD SELECTION

社会对恒河猴食物选择的影响

• 批准号: 3428647
• 负责人: BERNADETTE M MARRIOTT
• 金额: $ 7.47万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 1992-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3428647
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; animal ecology; body weight; dietary constituent; eating; ethology; gender difference; infant animal; juvenile animal; lactation; learning; maternal behavior; mature animal; nutrition related tag; preference; pregnancy; social behavior; social dominance; social status

Similar to humans, rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) have adapted to a wide geographic and climatic range. They are found in forests, rural areas, and in cities on the Indian sub-continent. This behavioral plasticity, which has allowed them to readily adjust to new environments, may be centered around their ability to select and avoid foods as necessary for survival. Also similar to humans cultural group membership (the troop), social class (dominance status), social network (kinship), family size/composition and family traditions play important roles in the development of eating patterns and food choice in monkeys. How does food selection vary with sex, age, and reproductive state of the individual? How does social status and kinship affect access to food sources, meal patterning or influence food selection strategies? Do these variables result in significant differences in the overall dietary composition or nutrient content of the diets? How do infant monkeys learn food selection patterns? The specific aims of this application are to evaluate the impact of five subject variables on animals' food selection and eating patterns in their natural environment: 1) individual age; 2) sex; 3) social status; 4) adult female reproductive state; and 5) maternal rearing style. The main subject group was a large, dominant troop of rhesus monkeys who had unlimited access to a diverse forest habitat in Nepal. Smaller, parallel data sets from provisioned monkeys who selectively forage (on Cayo Santiago) and a caged colony which receives only commercial diet will allow evaluation of these social variables under varying degrees of environmental constraint and evaluation of foraging in rhesus monkeys in terms of dietary self-selection for specific nutrients. Quantitative observations on focal animal behavior with rate, duration and volume of food consumed as well as nutrient analyses of the food items have been completed. Repeated yearly samples of mother/infant feeding behavior will provide the first description of the ontogeny of natural feeding in this species and the role of the mother as teacher. The long-term objective of this project is to assess the impact of social factors on food selection and nutrient intake. A secondary objective will be to provide information which can be applied to enhance captive environments for these important research animals.

与人类相似，恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）已经适应了广泛的 地理和气候范围。它们生活在森林、农村地区， 在印度次大陆的城市里。这种行为可塑性， 使他们能够很容易地适应新的环境， 他们选择和避免食物的能力是为了生存。 也类似于人类的文化群体成员（群体），社会阶级 （支配地位）、社会网络（亲属关系）、家庭规模/组成和 家庭传统在饮食的发展中起着重要的作用 模式和食物选择。食物的选择如何随性别而变化， 年龄和生殖状态的个体？社会地位和 亲属关系影响获得食物来源、膳食模式或影响食物 选择策略？这些变量是否会导致显著差异 在整体饮食组成或饮食的营养成分？怎么 幼猴学习食物选择模式？具体目标是 应用程序是评估五个主题变量对 动物在自然环境中的食物选择和饮食模式： 1)个体年龄; 2）性别; 3）社会地位; 4）成年雌性生殖 （5）母亲教养方式。主要研究对象是一个庞大的， 恒河猴的优势群体，他们可以无限地获得各种各样的 尼泊尔的森林栖息地。更小的并行数据集， 选择性觅食的猴子（在圣地亚哥岛）和一个笼子里的群体， 只接受商业饮食将允许这些社会评价 不同环境约束下的变量及其评价 在食物自我选择方面， 特殊营养素定量观察病灶动物行为， 消耗食物的速度、持续时间和体积以及 食品已经完成。每年重复抽样 母亲/婴儿喂养行为将提供第一个描述的 在这个物种的自然喂养的个体发育和母亲的作用， 老师该项目的长期目标是评估 社会因素对食物选择和营养摄入的影响。次要目的 将提供可用于增强俘虏的信息， 为这些重要的研究动物提供环境。