The Genetic Structure of Natural Populations Past and Present

过去和现在自然种群的遗传结构

• 批准号: 7732873
• 负责人: STEPHEN J O'BRIEN
• 金额: $ 129.75万
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7732873
• 关键词: Africa; Alpaca; Animal Model; Animals; Asia; Asians; Biological; Candidate Disease Gene; Collection; Communicable Diseases; Condition; Development; Disease; Domestic Animals; Elephants; Evolution; Family; Family Felidae; Felis catus; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Structures; Genetic Variation; Genomics; Hereditary Disease; Human; Human Genetics; Individual; Infection; Inherited; Knowledge; Link; Modeling; Pattern; Phylogenetic Analysis; Phylogeny; Population; Primates; Process; Radiation Hybrid Map; Radiation Hybrid Mapping; Range; Recording of previous events; Relative (related person); Research; Sampling; Screening procedure; Study models; Testing; Ungulate; Virus; comparative; experience; gene discovery; genome sequencing; health economics; human disease; interest; novel; reconstruction; sex; tool; trait

Exotic species have demonstrated their utility as models for the study of a wide range of hereditary and infectious diseases and physical traits. However, to fully interpret the results of these studies, it is necessary to understand their evolutionary history. This involves not only a more precise description of the phylogenetic relationships among species, but also an assessment of the uniqueness among wild populations and knowledge of historic patterns of gene flow. Our primary animal model has been the domestic cat and their exotic relatives and wild populations. As a crucial step in this process, we have developed the foremost collection of biological samples from captive and wild populations of cats, which has provided the theoretical and conceptual framework for our research. The recently-released whole genome sequence of the domestic cat has provided an important tool for our research and is greatly accelerating the pace of gene discovery and comparative genomic inference. The recently completed description of the evolution of the cat family will also facilitate more detailed study of selection and gene evolution among felid species and populations. Our comparative genomic studies are expanding to include the primate, camelid, and pangolin families. We will complete development of an RH map of the alpaca in 2006 which will facilitate the study of candidate genes for inherited diseases in camelids and related ungulate species, including several related to human disorders. Study of the pangolin, a group of species distributed in Africa and Asia and the closest relatives to carnivores, will provide good models for comparative genomic studies among these increasingly well-studied groups. A comprehensive phylogeny, linked with precise estimates of when and where different groups diverged will greatly enhance our ability to interpret human genetic variation in the context of human evolutionary history. Our research on primates, camelids, pangolins will be increasingly important given the inclusion of both the alpaca and the pangolin on the short list of species for low-coverage, whole-genome-sequencing. Our experience in comparative genomics and infectious disease is also being used to develop and test a model for the screening of animals being trafficed in wildlife trade for disease agents. The increasing contact of humans and domestic animals with wildlife has created conditions that have increased the likelihood of emerging diseases being spread that would have significant health and economic impact.

外来物种已经证明了它们作为模型的实用性， 遗传性和传染性疾病以及身体特征。然而，为了充分解释 根据这些研究结果，有必要了解它们的进化历史。这 不仅涉及更精确地描述物种间的系统发育关系， 同时也是对野生种群独特性的评估， 基因流的模式我们的主要动物模型是家猫和它们的外来物种 亲戚和野生种群。作为这一进程的关键一步，我们制定了 最重要的是从圈养和野生猫科动物种群中收集生物样本， 为我们的研究提供了理论和概念框架。最近发布的 家猫的全基因组序列为我们的研究提供了重要的工具， 大大加快了基因发现和比较基因组推断的步伐。的 最近完成的对猫科动物进化的描述也将促进更多 详细研究猫科动物物种和种群之间的选择和基因进化。我们 比较基因组研究正在扩展到包括灵长类动物、骆驼和穿山甲 家庭我们将在2006年完成羊驼生殖健康地图的绘制， 促进骆驼科动物和相关遗传性疾病候选基因的研究 有蹄类物种，包括一些与人类疾病有关的物种。穿山甲的研究 分布在非洲和亚洲的物种和食肉动物的近亲， 在这些日益得到充分研究的基因组研究中， 组一个全面的遗传学，与精确估计何时何地不同 分歧的群体将大大提高我们解释人类遗传变异的能力， 人类进化史的背景。我们对灵长类动物骆驼科动物穿山甲的研究 考虑到羊驼和穿山甲都出现在短片中， 用于低覆盖率全基因组测序的物种列表。我们在比较 基因组学和传染病也被用来开发和测试一个模型， 对野生动物贸易中贩运的动物进行病原体筛查。日益 人类和家畜与野生动物的接触创造了条件， 增加了新出现的疾病传播的可能性， 和经济影响。

项目成果

Clouded leopard phylogeny revisited: support for species recognition and population division between Borneo and Sumatra.

• DOI: 10.1186/1742-9994-4-15
• 发表时间: 2007-05-29
• 期刊: Frontiers in zoology
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Wilting A;Buckley-Beason VA;Feldhaar H;Gadau J;O'Brien SJ;Linsenmair KE
• 通讯作者: Linsenmair KE

The adaptive evolution of the mammalian mitochondrial genome.

• DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-9-119
• 发表时间: 2008-03-04
• 期刊: BMC GENOMICS
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: da Fonseca, Rute R.;Johnson, Warren E.;O'Brien, Stephen J.;Ramos, Maria Joao;Antunes, Agostinho
• 通讯作者: Antunes, Agostinho

Phylogeography and genetic ancestry of tigers (Panthera tigris).

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020442
• 发表时间: 2004-12
• 期刊: PLoS biology
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Luo SJ;Kim JH;Johnson WE;van der Walt J;Martenson J;Yuhki N;Miquelle DG;Uphyrkina O;Goodrich JM;Quigley HB;Tilson R;Brady G;Martelli P;Subramaniam V;McDougal C;Hean S;Huang SQ;Pan W;Karanth UK;Sunquist M;Smith JL;O'Brien SJ
• 通讯作者: O'Brien SJ