Vascular and Neuro-Inflammatory Effects of Endurance Exercise Training in African

非洲耐力运动训练对血管和神经炎症的影响

• 批准号: 7915301
• 负责人: BO FERNHALL
• 金额: $ 37.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-17 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7915301
• 关键词: Acute; Affect; African; African American; Age; Age-Years; Arteries; Behavior Therapy; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; C-reactive protein; Caliber; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Coupled; Data; Disease; Early treatment; Endothelin-1; Ergometry; Event; Exercise; Exhibits; Experimental Designs; Functional disorder; Gelatinase A; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Incidence; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Inflammatory Response; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-6; Intervention; Kidney Diseases; Length; Matched Group; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Measures; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Norepinephrine; Organ; Peripheral; Plasma; Play; Population; Populations at Risk; Pressoreceptors; Preventive; Property; Public Health; Recovery; Resistance; Rest; Risk; Role; Stimulus; Stroke; Structure; Testing; Time; Tissues; Training; Vascular remodeling; arterial remodeling; arterial stiffness; disorder risk; improved; inflammatory marker; inhibitor/antagonist; insight; longitudinal design; molecular marker; mortality; multilevel analysis; post intervention; prevent; public health relevance; response; stressor; therapy design

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): African-Americans are at greater risk than Caucasians for developing hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke and renal disease. This is likely related to arterial dysfunction including greater arterial stiffness, and reduced microvascular reactivity of resistance arteries in African-Americans. In addition, African-Americans have higher levels of inflammatory markers, and a greater sympathoexcitatory response to various stressors. This imbalance between sympathetic and reduced parasympathetic activation may directly affect vascular function and potentiate a greater inflammatory response, further altering key structural and functional properties of the vascular wall. The overall aim of this proposal is to test the effects of endurance exercise training on arterial structure and function, and to examine potential mechanisms producing changes in arterial structure and function in young (18-35 years of age) African Americans when compared to Caucasians. We will examine these effects at rest and following a low intensity (submaximal cycle ergometry) and high intensity (maximal cycle ergometry) sympathoexcitation at both pre- and post-intervention time points, since sympathoexcitation may elucidate changes not evident at rest. Because African-Americans have higher levels of arterial stiffness, lower microvascular reactivity, greater responses to sympathoexcitation, greater levels of inflammatory markers and greater vasoconstrictive tone, we hypothesize that African-Americans will benefit more (e.g. show greater changes in response to exercise training) and retain these changes longer following de-training, when compared to a matched group of Caucasians. Our specific aims will test: 1) the effects of endurance training on arterial stiffness, conduit artery and microvascular reactivity at rest and following acute sympathoexcitation; 2) the effects of endurance training on arterial remodeling; 3) the effects of endurance training on autonomic function and markers of inflammation. We will utilize a longitudinal design with control, exercise and detraining periods of equal length (8 weeks). Subjects will be tested during week 0 (baseline), at week 8 (following the control period), at week 16 (following the exercise intervention), and again at week 24 (after the de-training period). Subjects will be tested on 3 different days at each testing point, to allow for measuring the response to the two different sympathoexcitatory stimuli (maximal and submaximal exercise). We will utilize a mixed-model experimental design comparing data collected on groups (African-Americans and Caucasians) and longitudinally at four time points using Piecewise Linear Multilevel Modeling. This project will have potentially large public health effects documenting the preventive effects of endurance training in African- Americans, and will provide important mechanistic insight into the role that endurance training plays in improving arterial, autonomic and inflammatory status in young African-Americans and Caucasians. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Vascular and autonomic function, and inflammation are predictors of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity and are precursors of, and contributors to, hypertension, CVD, stroke and renal disease. African-Americans are at greater risk than Caucasians for developing these diseases. This project evaluates the effect of endurance exercise training as a preventive behavioral intervention to lower the risk of these diseases in young African-Americans.

描述（由申请人提供）： 非洲裔美国人比白人更容易患高血压、心血管疾病、中风和肾脏疾病。这可能与非洲裔美国人的动脉功能障碍有关，包括动脉僵硬度增加和阻力动脉微血管反应性降低。此外，非裔美国人有更高水平的炎症标志物，以及对各种压力的更大的交感神经兴奋反应。交感神经激活和副交感神经激活减少之间的这种不平衡可能直接影响血管功能并增强更大的炎症反应，进一步改变血管壁的关键结构和功能特性。本提案的总体目标是测试耐力运动训练对动脉结构和功能的影响，并检查与高加索人相比，年轻（18-35岁）非洲裔美国人动脉结构和功能发生变化的潜在机制。我们将检查这些影响，在休息和低强度（次最大踏车测力计）和高强度（最大踏车测力计）交感神经兴奋在干预前和干预后的时间点，因为交感神经兴奋可能阐明变化不明显，在休息。由于非洲裔美国人的动脉硬度水平较高，微血管反应性较低，对交感神经兴奋的反应更大，炎症标志物水平更高，血管收缩张力更大，我们假设非洲裔美国人将受益更多（例如，对运动训练的反应表现出更大的变化），并且与匹配的白人组相比，在停止训练后保持这些变化的时间更长。我们的具体目标将测试：1）耐力训练对静息时和急性交感神经兴奋后动脉僵硬度、导管动脉和微血管反应性的影响; 2）耐力训练对动脉重塑的影响; 3）耐力训练对自主神经功能和炎症标志物的影响。我们将采用纵向设计，控制期、运动期和停训期相同（8周）。受试者将在第0周（基线）、第8周（对照期后）、第16周（运动干预后）和第24周（停止训练期后）再次接受测试。受试者将在3个不同日期的每个测试点接受测试，以测量对两种不同交感神经兴奋性刺激（最大和次最大运动）的反应。我们将采用混合模型实验设计，使用分段线性多水平模型比较各组（非洲裔美国人和高加索人）和纵向四个时间点收集的数据。该项目将具有潜在的巨大公共卫生影响，记录耐力训练在非裔美国人中的预防作用，并将为耐力训练在改善年轻的非裔美国人和高加索人的动脉、自主神经和炎症状态中的作用提供重要的机制性见解。公共卫生关系：血管和自主神经功能以及炎症是心血管死亡率和发病率的预测因子，并且是高血压、CVD、中风和肾脏疾病的前兆和促成因素。非洲裔美国人比高加索人患这些疾病的风险更大。该项目评估耐力运动训练作为预防性行为干预措施的效果，以降低年轻非洲裔美国人患这些疾病的风险。

项目成果

Blood pressure changes following aerobic exercise in Caucasian and Chinese descendants.

白种人和中国人后裔有氧运动后血压发生变化。

• DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1390493
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: International journal of sports medicine
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Sun,P;Yan,H;Ranadive,SM;Lane,AD;Kappus,RM;Bunsawat,K;Baynard,T;Li,S;Fernhall,B
• 通讯作者: Fernhall,B

Sex differences in autonomic function following maximal exercise.

• DOI: 10.1186/s13293-015-0046-6
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Biology of sex differences
• 影响因子: 7.9
• 作者: Kappus RM;Ranadive SM;Yan H;Lane-Cordova AD;Cook MD;Sun P;Harvey IS;Wilund KR;Woods JA;Fernhall B
• 通讯作者: Fernhall B

Effect of resistance training on biomarkers of vascular function and oxidative stress in young African-American and Caucasian men.

• DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2012.48
• 发表时间: 2013-06
• 期刊: Journal of human hypertension
• 影响因子: 2.7

Autonomic Recovery Is Delayed in Chinese Compared with Caucasian following Treadmill Exercise.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147104
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Sun P;Yan H;Ranadive SM;Lane AD;Kappus RM;Bunsawat K;Baynard T;Hu M;Li S;Fernhall B
• 通讯作者: Fernhall B

Validity of predicting left ventricular end systolic pressure changes following an acute bout of exercise.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.05.003
• 发表时间: 2013-01
• 期刊: Journal of science and medicine in sport
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Kappus RM;Ranadive SM;Yan H;Lane AD;Cook MD;Hall G;Harvey IS;Wilund KR;Woods JA;Fernhall B
• 通讯作者: Fernhall B