Joint Initiative in Vaccine Economics (JIVE) Project, Phase 3

描述（由申请人提供）：背景。疫苗是公共卫生方面最具成本效益的干预措施之一，但最近其成本大大增加。正在进行的疫苗经济研究需要为国家政策建议以及国家免疫规划管理者、健康保险公司和提供者的规划选择提供信息。具体的目标。我们要求继续支持疫苗经济学联合倡议（JIVE）项目，该项目支持哈佛大学和疾病预防控制中心研究人员的研究。我们将进行四项研究。研究1将解决RFA的第一个目标，即估计将联合疫苗引入儿科实践的相关成本。研究2将解决RFA的第二和第三个目标，即制定评估现有疫苗选择算法有用性的标准，并确定联合疫苗决策中的关键因素；评估现有疫苗算法的有用性，并衡量联合疫苗的益处和风险的社会价值。研究3将使用新获得的数据，对将常规流感疫苗接种扩大到所有年龄组的成本效益进行标准化估计。研究4将在CDC合作者的指导下确定。调查员和环境。非常成功的JIVE项目是哈佛大学和疾病预防控制中心研究人员之间的合作，由Tracy Lieu，医学博士，公共卫生硕士，Lisa Prosser博士和Grace Lee，医学博士，公共卫生硕士领导，他们是疫苗经济学的国家领导者。该项目现在已进入第六个年头，产生了许多对疫苗政策有重大影响的研究。研究计划。研究1将利用对儿科保健实践的半结构化访谈和现有研究的数据来估计联合疫苗的成本。研究2将包括(1)与各种利益攸关方进行定性访谈，以确定联合疫苗决策中的关键因素；(2)对具有美国人口代表性的人进行的基于互联网的调查。这项调查将包括一项离散选择实验，这是一种评估联合疫苗的益处和风险价值的创新方法。在研究3中，我们将扩展现有的流感疫苗接种模型，以解决儿童和成人的问题，并使用新的可用数据。创新和政策影响。该项目将为政策和方案决策提供关键信息。通过使用诸如离散选择实验之类的创新，我们还将推进经济方法在医疗保健中的应用。需要对疫苗进行经济研究，以支持政府和其他关键各方的知情政策和规划决策。在这个项目中，我们将继续非常成功的疫苗经济学联合倡议，该倡议支持哈佛大学和疾病控制与预防中心的研究人员进行合作研究。我们将进行几项研究，包括评估与新型联合疫苗相关的成本和价值，以及在美国将流感疫苗接种扩大到更多年龄组的成本效益。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Background. Vaccines are among the most cost-effective interventions in public health, but recently their costs have greatly increased. Ongoing vaccine economic research is needed to inform national policy recommendations, as well as programmatic choices by state immunization program managers, health insurers, and providers. Specific Aims. We request continued support of the Joint Initiative in Vaccine Economics (JIVE) Project, which supports research by Harvard and CDC investigators. We will conduct four studies. Study 1 will address the RFA's 1st objective, to estimate the costs associated with introducing combination vaccines into pediatric practices. Study 2 will address the RFA's 2nd and 3rd objectives, to develop criteria for assessing the usefulness of existing vaccine selection algorithms and identify key factors in decisions about combination vaccines; and to assess the usefulness of an existing vaccine algorithm and measure societal values for the benefits and risks of combination vaccines. Study 3 will use newly available data to generate standardized estimates of the cost-effectiveness of expanding routine influenza vaccination to all age groups. Study 4 will be determined with guidance from CDC collaborators. Investigators and Environment. The highly successful JIVE Project is a collaboration between Harvard and CDC investigators led by Tracy Lieu, MD, MPH, Lisa Prosser, PhD, and Grace Lee, MD, MPH, who are national leaders in vaccine economics. Now in its sixth year, the project has produced many studies with high impact on vaccine policy. Research Plan. Study 1 will estimate the costs of combination vaccines using semi- structured interviews with pediatric health care practices and data from existing studies. Study 2 will include (1) qualitative interviews with a variety of stakeholders to identify key factors in decisions on combination vaccines; and (2) an internet-based survey with persons representative of the U.S. population. The survey will include a discrete choice experiment, an innovative approach to estimating values for the benefits and risks of combination vaccines. In Study 3, we will expand an existing model on influenza vaccination to address both children and adults and to use newly available data. Innovation and Policy Implications. This project will generate crucial information for policy and programmatic decisions. By using innovations such as discrete choice experiments, we will also advance the use of economic methods in health care. Economic research on vaccines is needed to support informed policy and programmatic decisions by the government and other key parties. In this project we will continue the highly successful Joint Initiative in Vaccine Economics, which supports collaborative research by investigators at Harvard and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We will conduct several studies, including evaluations of the costs and values associated with new combination vaccines and of the cost-effectiveness of expanding influenza vaccination to additional age groups in the United States.