Mechanisms of Visual Map Development in the Superior Colliculus

上丘视觉图发展机制

• 批准号: 7927718
• 负责人: Michael C. Crair
• 金额: $ 29.92万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2011-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7927718
• 关键词: Age related macular degeneration; Axon; Behavior; Biological; Biological Models; Brain; Cells; Complex; Cues; Development; Disease; Evolution; Eye; Eye Development; Felis catus; Ferrets; Fertilization; Fishes; Glaucoma; Human; In Vitro; Individual; Instruction; Knowledge; Label; Lateral Geniculate Body; Learning; Left; Mammals; Maps; Mediating; Methods; Molecular; Motor; Mus; N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors; Nature; Pattern; Photoreceptors; Process; Property; Rana; Retinal; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Role; Sensory; Shapes; Specific qualifier value; Structure; Synapses; Synaptic plasticity; Techniques; Testing; Time; Translating; Trauma; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual system structure; Xenopus; Zebrafish; cellular development; design; experience; ganglion cell; in vivo; interest; neural circuit; preference; prevent; public health relevance; research study; retinotectal; retinotopic; segregation; spatiotemporal; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; visual map

Description (provided by applicant): The brain organizes information about the sensory world into maps. Prominent examples are the maps of eye-preference and retinotopy in the lateral geniculate nucleus, superior colliculus and visual cortex. Experiments in this proposal will advance our understanding of mechanisms responsible for the development of precise neural circuitry in the mammalian brain. We will use a broad combination of techniques, including molecular biological, cell biological and electrophysiological techniques both in vitro and in vivo. We focus our experiments on maps of eye-preference and retinotopy in the superior colliculus of the mouse, which is a sensory motor structure that has emerged as an ideal model system for the examination of neural circuit development and function. It is widely hypothesized that molecular cues are responsible for the establishment of coarse map structure in the superior colliculus, and activity dependent processes subsequently refine these sensory motor circuits to functional precision. We propose to examine the nature of activity that is necessary for the development of visual maps, and determine whether this activity is permissive or instructive in shaping circuit development. We also propose to examine the normal development of single retinal ganglion cell axon arbors in the superior colliculus of the mouse, and determine how disrupting retinal activity disrupts arbor development. We finally propose to investigate the synaptic mechanisms that mediate activity-dependent refinement of visual maps in the superior colliculus. In all, the experiments in this proposal are designed to investigate the mechanisms responsible for the development of precise neural circuits in the mammalian brain, with a specific emphasis on the emergence of visual maps in the mouse superior colliculus. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: We are interested in understanding how complex brain circuits develop. We focus on the visual system, as its function is relatively well understood and it is especially important to human behavior. Our experiments have the potential to help develop techniques to restore visual function following eye trauma or disease, such as glaucoma or age related macular degeneration.

描述（由申请人提供）：大脑将有关感官世界的信息组织成地图。突出的例子是外侧膝状核、上丘和视觉皮层的眼睛偏好和视网膜定位图。该提案中的实验将增进我们对哺乳动物大脑中精确神经回路发育机制的理解。我们将使用广泛的技术组合，包括体外和体内的分子生物学、细胞生物学和电生理学技术。我们的实验重点是小鼠上丘的眼睛偏好和视网膜定位图，这是一种感觉运动结构，已成为检查神经回路发育和功能的理想模型系统。人们普遍假设，分子线索负责在上丘中建立粗略的地图结构，并且活动依赖的过程随后将这些感觉运动回路细化至功能精度。我们建议检查视觉地图开发所需的活动的性质，并确定该活动在塑造电路开发方面是允许的还是具有指导性的。我们还建议检查小鼠上丘中单个视网膜神经节细胞轴突乔木的正常发育，并确定破坏视网膜活动如何破坏乔木发育。最后，我们建议研究介导上丘视觉图的活动依赖性细化的突触机制。总之，该提案中的实验旨在研究哺乳动物大脑中精确神经回路发育的机制，特别强调小鼠上丘中视觉图的出现。公共健康相关性：我们有兴趣了解复杂的大脑回路如何发育。我们关注视觉系统，因为它的功能相对比较容易理解，而且它对人类行为尤其重要。我们的实验有可能帮助开发恢复眼外伤或疾病（例如青光眼或年龄相关性黄斑变性）后视觉功能的技术。