University of New Mexico Cancer Center Support

描述（由申请人提供）：癌症流行病学和预防项目正式成立于1973年，当时新墨西哥肿瘤登记处与其他6个基于人群的肿瘤登记处组成了NCI-SEER（监测、流行病学和最终结果）项目。NM SEER数据为该项目中的假设生成提供了基础的、基于人群的数据，并为肺癌、乳腺癌、皮肤癌和Gl癌症的研究提供了坚实的资金基础。在新墨西哥州的多种族人口中，癌症模式、癌症健康差异和结果的显著差异正在进行深入调查，以揭示导致这些模式和差异的遗传、环境、社会和行为因素。此外，该项目以社区为基础，在农村、美洲印第安人和西班牙裔人口中开展癌症教育、筛查和预防方面的研究和推广，努力纠正这些差距。癌症流行病学和预防项目由Marianne Berwick和Steven Belinsky共同领导，共有23名正式成员，2名二级成员和5名初级成员，分别来自新墨西哥大学医学院和药学院、Lovelace呼吸研究所和阿尔伯克基退伍军人管理医疗中心的5个部门。癌症流行病学和预防项目有四个主要的科学目标，跨越以器官为基础的肺癌、乳腺癌、皮肤癌和胃肠道癌症的主题：(1)确定导致癌症发生和进展的遗传、表观遗传、环境和行为风险因素，特别是那些不成比例地影响新墨西哥州多种族人口的癌症；(2)开发目标1中确定的危险因素的生物标志物；(3)开发针对目标1中确定的特定生化途径和因素的癌症预防干预措施，这些干预措施将使用目标2中的生物标志物进行评估；(4)利用基于社区的参与式研究方法，将这些干预措施转化为社区预防、推广和教育计划。这个项目中高质量的互动研究已经产生了大量的同行评议拨款和合作出版物。该项目得到了来自NCI、其他NIH、DOD和CDC的同行评审基金（年度直接费用）10,374,531美元的支持。其中，4,225,820美元（41%）为NCI资金（不包括SEER资金）。项目成员在2000年至2005年间发表了263篇与癌症相关的同行评议文章；其中16%为方案内协作，4%为方案间协作。项目成员在多个合作小组倡议和NIH审查小组中担任国家领导角色。大量的合作出版物，在获得同行评审资金方面的成功，以及计划成员发挥的国家领导作用，证明了该计划的互动努力的卓越性。主要的规划研究成果包括：识别对肺癌风险和进展至关重要的表观遗传事件；西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人女性乳腺癌预后标志物的不同风险识别；以及阳光照射对黑色素瘤存活的保护作用的证明，这可能是由于维生素d的代谢。这些发现为研究这些癌症的基础生物学设定了新的方向，并将有助于指导建立生物标志物，以识别需要干预的高风险个体。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Program was formally established in 1973 when the New Mexico Tumor Registry joined with 6 other population-based tumor registries to form the NCI-SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results) program. The NM SEER data provide the fundamental, population-based data for hypothesis generation in this program, and has led to a strong base of funding for research in lung, breast, skin and Gl cancers. The striking differences in cancer patterns, in cancer health disparities, and in outcomes among New Mexico's multiethnic population are under intense investigation to uncover the genetic, environmental, social, and behavioral factors that account for these patterns and disparities. In addition, the program's community-based research and outreach in cancer education, screening, and prevention among rural, American Indian and Hispanic populations work toward correcting those disparities. Led by co-directors Marianne Berwick and Steven Belinsky, the Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Program joins 23 full members, 2 members with secondary appointments, and 5 associate members with primary appointments in 5 Departments within the UNM School of Medicine and College of Pharmacy, the Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, and the Albuquerque Veteran's Administration Medical Center. The Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Program has four major scientific goals that cross the organ-based themes of lung, breast, skin and gastrointestinal cancers: (1) To identify the genetic, epigenetic, environmental and behavioral risk factors contributing to the development and progression of cancer, particularly those cancers that disproportionately affect New Mexico's multiethnic populations; (2) To develop biomarkers for the risk factors identified in aim 1; (3) To develop interventions for cancer prevention that target specific biochemical pathways and factors identified in aim 1, that will be assessed using biomarkers from aim 2; and (4) To translate these interventions into community prevention, outreach, and education programs using community-based participatory research methods. The high quality of the interactive research in this Program has resulted in a large number of peer-reviewed grants and collaborative publications. The Program is supported by $10,374,531 in peer-reviewed funds (annual direct costs) from NCI, other NIH, DOD and CDC. Of this, $4,225,820 (41%) is NCI funding (exclusive of SEER funding). Program Members published 263 cancer-relevant, peer-reviewed articles between 2000 and 2005; 16% of those represent intra-programmatic collaboration and 4% inter-programmatic collaboration. Program members serve in national leadership roles in multiple cooperative group initiatives and in NIH review panels. The large number of collaborative publications, the success at obtaining peer-reviewed funding, and the national leadership roles played by Program members document the excellence of the interactive efforts of this Program. Major programmatic research accomplishments include: the identification of epigenetic events, critical to the risk and progression in lung cancer; the identification of disparate risk for breast cancer prognostic markers between Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women; and the demonstration of a protective role for sun exposure in melanoma survival that may be due to the metabolism of Vitamin D. These findings set new directions for research into the fundamental biology of these cancers and will help direct the establishment of biomarkers to identify high-risk individuals for intervention.