Cross-sectional and prospective cohort data analysis of physical activity and hea

身体活动和健康的横断面和前瞻性队列数据分析

• 批准号: 7730126
• 负责人: PAUL T WILLIAMS
• 金额: $ 38.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIF-LAWRENC BERKELEY LAB
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7730126
• 关键词: Aerobic; Affect; American; American Heart Association; Baseline Surveys; Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy; Body Weight; Breast; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cataract; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Collection; Data; Data Analyses; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Disease; Dose; Exercise; Female; Frequencies; Gall Bladder Diseases; Genus Cola; Gout; Grant; Guidelines; Health; Health Benefit; Hour; Hypertension; Injury; Knowledge; Macular degeneration; Malignant Neoplasms; Marathon; Mediating; Minority; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Ischemia; Obesity; Participant; Performance; Persons; Physical activity; Physicians; Principal Investigator; Prostate; Public Health; Publications; Questionnaires; Recommendation; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Request for Applications; Retrieval; Risk; Risk Reduction; Running; Sample Size; Sampling; Science; Sports Medicine; Stroke; Surveys; Testing; Time; Training; Update; Wages; Walkers; Walking; base; cohort; college; experience; falls; fitness; follow-up; hypercholesterolemia; indexing; mortality; prospective; public health relevance; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Current public health guidelines recommend moderate-intensity aerobic (endurance) physical activity for a minimum of 30 min on five days each week or vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity for a minimum of 20 min on three days each week. The guidelines specifically acknowledge that the point of maximum benefit for most health benefits has not been established. Our initial 7.8-year follow-up of the National Runners' Health showed that exceeding the current guideline levels was associated with significantly lower risks of cataracts (35%), macular degeneration (54%), hypertension (30%), hypercholesterolemia (47%), diabetes (68%), gout (45%), gallbladder disease (52%), diverticular disease (48%), benign prostate hyperplasia (33%), and nonfatal stroke (60%). To further demonstrate the potential benefits of exceeding guideline activity levels, we propose to compare moderate-intensity (walking) and vigorous intensity physical activity (running) to total and cause- specific mortality in 45,685 participants of the National Walkers' Health Study and 59,165 participants of the second National Runners' Health Study who surveyed at baseline between 1998-2000, and 54,960 participants of the original National Runners' Health Study were surveyed at baseline between 1991 and 1993. We estimate that 26,172 deaths will have occurred during the two million person years of follow-up, including 863 fatal colon, 426 breast, and 501 prostate, and 8,030 total cancers, 5,714 ischemic heart disease deaths, and 2,259 fatal myocardial infarctions. Three-year support is requested to obtain and analyze the National Death Index retrieval of cause of death in order to: 1: Define separately within the walkers' (N=45,685) and the combined runners' cohort (N=114,719) the dose- response relationships of total and cause-specific mortality vs. the amount, duration, intensity, and frequency of physical activity. 2: Test whether equivalent doses (i.e., MET-hours) of moderate-intensity (walking, N=45,685) and vigorous- intensity activity (running, N=59,165) yield comparable reductions in total and cause-specific mortality. 3: Test within the combined runners' cohorts whether cardiorespiratory fitness significantly predicts total and cause-specific mortality independent of physical activity (N=84,120, representing 72% of the sample reporting 10-km performance times). 4: Test within the original runners' cohort (N=54,960) whether change in activity during the 7.8 years between the first and second survey affects total and cause-specific mortality during the subsequent 11-year follow-up. 5: Test separately within the walkers (N=45,685) and combined runners' cohorts (N=114,125) whether or longest usual walk or run (including marathon training) significantly predicts total and cause-specific mortality independent of usual physical activity. 6: Test whether body weight or size mediates the relationships and differences of aims 1-5. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Narrative This application requests salary support for the principal investigator to apply his 20 years of biostatistical experience to analyze a large cohort of walkers and runners to determine the health benefits of vigorous exercise, marathon participation, and interactions with other variables on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, gout, gallbladder disease, benign prostatic hyperplasia and other health endpoints. This application is concerned exclusively with the interpretation of actual data and not the collection of new data. The major objective is to better define the dose and intensity of physical activity for optimal health.

说明(申请人提供)：目前的公共卫生指南建议每周五天进行至少30分钟的中等强度有氧(耐力)体育活动，或每周三天进行至少20分钟的高强度有氧体育活动。指南特别承认，大多数健康福利的最大受益点尚未确定。我们最初对国家跑步者健康进行了7.8年的跟踪调查，结果显示，超过当前指导标准的患者患白内障(35%)、黄斑变性(54%)、高血压(30%)、高胆固醇血症(47%)、糖尿病(68%)、痛风(45%)、胆囊病(52%)、憩室病(48%)、良性前列腺增生(33%)和非致命性中风(60%)的风险显著降低。为了进一步证明超过指导性活动水平的潜在益处，我们建议比较45,685名全国步行者健康研究参与者和59,165名第二次全国跑步者健康研究参与者在1998-2000年间基线调查的中等强度体力活动(步行)和剧烈强度体力活动(跑步)与总死亡率和特定原因死亡率，以及1991-1993年间最初全国跑步者健康研究的54,960名参与者的基线调查结果。我们估计，在200万人年的随访中，将发生26,172例死亡，其中包括863例致命结肠癌，426例乳腺癌和501例前列腺癌，以及8,030例癌症，5,714例缺血性心脏病死亡和2,259例致命性心肌梗死。需要三年的支持以获取和分析国家死亡指数死因检索，以便：1：在步行者(N=45,685)和综合跑步者(N=114,719)队列中分别定义总死亡率和特定死因死亡率与体力活动的数量、持续时间、强度和频率的剂量-反应关系。2：测试中等强度运动(步行，N=45,685)和剧烈运动(跑步，N=59,165)的等量剂量(即，会议时间)是否在总死亡率和特定原因死亡率方面产生类似的降低。3：在合并的跑步者队列中测试心肺健康是否显著预测总死亡率和特定原因死亡率，而不依赖于体力活动(N=84,120，占报告10公里成绩的样本的72%)。4：在最初的跑步者队列中(N=54,960)测试在第一次和第二次调查之间的7.8年内活动的变化是否会影响随后11年的总死亡率和特定原因死亡率。5：在步行者(N=45,685)和联合跑步者(N=114,125)队列中分别测试通常步行或跑步(包括马拉松训练)是否显著预测总死亡率和原因特定死亡率，而不依赖于平时的体力活动。6：检验体重或体型是否会影响目标1-5的关系和差异。公共卫生相关性：叙述本应用程序要求首席研究员应用他20年的生物统计学经验来分析大量的步行者和跑步者，以确定剧烈运动、马拉松参与以及与心血管疾病、糖尿病、高血压、痛风、胆囊病、良性前列腺增生症和其他健康终点的其他变量的交互作用对健康的好处。这项申请完全涉及对实际数据的解释，而不是新数据的收集。主要目标是更好地确定身体活动的剂量和强度，以实现最佳健康。