Examining Individuals' Exposure to Alcohol Environments Using Novel Responsive Buffers

使用新型响应缓冲器检查个人对酒精环境的暴露情况

• 批准号: 10752468
• 负责人: Christina Arezou Mehranbod
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10752468
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Advocacy; Advocate; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholic Beverages; Alcohols; Area; Buffers; Censuses; Characteristics; Chronic; Consensus; Consumption; Country; Data; Economics; Effectiveness; Environment; Failure; Fellowship; Funding; Health; Healthcare; Individual; Injury; International Agencies; Intervention; Licensing; Liver diseases; Location; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Modification; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Nature; Neighborhoods; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Policies; Population; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Productivity; Public Health; Publications; Publishing; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Technics; Restaurants; Risk Factors; Science; Training; Translating; Translations; Travel; Uncertainty; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Update; Violence; Work; Workplace; alcohol availability; alcohol effect; alcohol epidemiology; alcohol exposure; alcohol measurement; alcohol misuse; alcohol outlet density; alcohol prevention; alcohol research; cost; density; distilled alcoholic beverage; doctoral student; drinking; evidence base; experience; improved; innovation; novel; population health; preventable death; research and development; research study; residence; spatial epidemiology; structured data; systematic review; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol use and misuse is a leading cause of preventable death in the United States (US). Decades of research have identified individual-level and environmental characteristics that are associated with alcohol use and thus can be modified to reduce population alcohol consumption. Alcohol outlet density is one such environmental characteristic that has been a focus of substantial research in the US and around the world. While many agencies and organizations have used this research to promote policy advocating for modifications in alcohol outlet density, such as through changes in licensing and zoning, the science is far from settled. The findings of the relationship between outlet density and alcohol consumption are contradictory when examining individual-level and ecological level studies and the effect of every additional alcohol outlet on alcohol consumption also remains unclear. The lack of consensus on the true relationship between alcohol outlet density and alcohol consumption points to the need for rigorous individual-level studies that incorporate characteristics that impact an individual’s decision to travel to an alcohol outlet and the multiscale nature of alcohol consumption with risk factors lying on multiple levels. The objective of this study is to create a new measurement of the alcohol environment — a responsive buffer — that incorporates the decades of research identifying characteristics that impact alcohol use. The specific aims of this study are to (1) conduct an updated systematic review of research studying the impact of alcohol outlet density on alcohol consumption or related harm published from November 2014 to November 2023 to synthesize the findings of ecological and individual-level studies, alcohol outlet density measurements, methodological advances, scientific rigor, and methodological limitations, (2) compare the distance individuals travel to alcohol outlets using GPS travel data and use this information to develop responsive buffers for assessing exposure to alcohol outlets, and (3) characterize associations between alcohol outlet density of responsive buffers with individual-level alcohol consumption (i.e., number of drinking days, quantity consumed) and compare effect sizes to commonly used measurements of alcohol outlet density (e.g., census tracts, ZIP codes, 400 m buffer around residence). The proposed aims and training plan build upon my experience in alcohol research supplemented by focused training in alcohol epidemiology, spatial epidemiology and neighborhood research techniques for mobility studies and momentary assessments of exposure and analyses of hierarchically structured data. This research and development of a new method has important implications for environmental prevention efforts aimed to improve population health by decreasing alcohol consumption. By creating an innovative measurement of the alcohol environment, this research will improve the translation of evidence-based research to alcohol prevention policy and promote the NIAAA’s mission to inform regulatory efforts and policy that create environments for healthy lives and well-being for all.

项目总结/摘要 酒精使用和滥用是美国可预防死亡的主要原因。几十年的研究 已经确定了与酒精使用相关的个人水平和环境特征， 可以改变以减少人口酒精消费。酒精出口密度就是这样一种环境 这一特性一直是美国和世界各地大量研究的焦点。虽然许多机构 一些组织利用这项研究来推动政策，倡导改变酒精出口 密度，如通过改变许可证和分区，科学还远远没有解决。的调查结果 在个体层面上，出口密度与饮酒量之间的关系是矛盾的 和生态水平的研究，以及每增加一个酒精出口对酒精消费的影响， 不清楚对酒精出口密度和酒精消费之间的真实关系缺乏共识 指出需要严格的个人水平的研究，包括影响个人的特点， 决定前往酒精出口和酒精消费的多尺度性质与风险因素躺在 多层次的本研究的目的是创造一种新的测量酒精环境的方法-- 响应缓冲-结合了数十年的研究，确定影响酒精的特征 使用.本研究的具体目的是（1）对研究 2014年11月至2016年12月期间， 2023年11月，综合生态和个人层面研究的结果，酒精出口密度 测量，方法的进步，科学的严谨性和方法的局限性，（2）比较距离 个人使用GPS旅行数据前往酒类销售点，并使用此信息开发响应缓冲区 用于评估酒精出口的暴露，以及（3）描述酒精出口密度 响应个人酒精消耗水平的缓冲液（即，饮酒天数，消费量） 并将效应量与常用的酒精出口密度测量值（例如，人口普查区邮政编码 住宅周围400米缓冲区）。建议的目标和培训计划建立在我在酒精研究方面的经验之上 辅以酒精流行病学、空间流行病学和邻里研究方面的重点培训 流动性研究和接触的瞬时评估技术，以及 数据这一新方法的研发对环境防治具有重要意义 旨在通过减少酒精消费来改善人口健康的努力。通过创建一个创新的 测量酒精环境，这项研究将提高翻译的循证研究， 酒精预防政策，并促进NIAAA的使命，以告知监管工作和政策，创造 为所有人的健康生活和福祉创造环境。