Histological Reasoning: Visual Cognition in Microanatomy

组织学推理：显微解剖学中的视觉认知

• 批准号: 7915845
• 负责人: JOHN R PANI
• 金额: $ 10.24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2010-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7915845
• 关键词: Accounting; Anatomy; Appearance; Area; Biological; Cognition; Complex; Computer Simulation; Computer Systems; Cues; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Educational Curriculum; Evaluation; Generations; Histology; Human; Image; Individual; Information Retrieval; Instruction; Knowledge; Label; Lead; Learning; MRI Scans; Maps; Medical; Medical Informatics; Memory; Methods; Microanatomy; Microscope; Modeling; Nature; Participant; Pathologist; Perception; Performance; Problem Solving; Psychology; Radar; Research; Research Project Grants; Slice; Slide; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Tissues; Training; Visual; Visuospatial; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; base; extrastriate visual cortex; medical schools; mental imagery; multidisciplinary; neglect; research study; skills; software development; theories; two-dimensional; virtual reality; visual cognition

This project is a multidisciplinary study of cognition in the practice of histology, the microanatomy of tissues. Histology is a core course in the biological, premedical, and medical school curricula, and pathologists use its methods to diagnose a variety of medical disorders. Instruction in histology centers on the recognition of tissues in microscopes. This is a very challenging task that takes years to master. Much of the basis for this difficulty is that the tissue in microscope slides differs substantially in appearance from the whole tissue. As a result, ability in histology requires the development of high level skills of visual recognition and reasoning. This project will investigate the current and optimum methods for gaining expertise in basic histology through a variety of experimental studies. The specific aims of the proposed research are the following: 1) Determine the information for human perceivers in microscope slides. Two studies will generate models of the use of diagnostic information in microscope slides for individuals who have completed the first year course in histology. 2) Assess the importance of visuospatial understanding of microanatomy for identification of tissues in microscope slides. An experiment will be conducted to test the hypothesis that the ability to identify structures and tissues in microscope slides will vary directly with the degree to which people have a clear visuospatial understanding of the microanatomy of the whole tissue. 3) Assess the importance of visuospatial understanding of the slice transformation for identification of tissues in microscope slides. An experiment will be conducted to test the hypothesis that the ability to identify structures and tissues in microscope slides will vary directly with the degree to which people have a clear visuospatial understanding of the transformation that relates 3D anatomy to 2D anatomical sections. The results of this research will lead to a detailed understanding of cognition in histology and to advances in theories of visual symbol systems used in the interpretation of images generated by human technology (e.g., x-ray, mri, aerial photographs). This project has the potential to generate substantial change in the methods for developing skill in histology at both the undergraduate and the medical school levels. The study of virtual reality methods of learning in conjunction with a rigorous study of histological reasoning will lead directly to the development of software that may significantly accelerate the development of skill in this challenging and important field.

该项目是组织学（组织显微解剖学）实践中认知的多学科研究。组织学是生物学、医学预科和医学院课程中的核心课程，病理学家利用其方法来诊断各种医学疾病。组织学教学的重点是在显微镜下识别组织。这是一项非常具有挑战性的任务，需要数年时间才能掌握。这种困难的大部分基础是显微镜载玻片中的组织在外观上与整个组织有很大不同。因此，组织学能力需要发展高水平的视觉识别和推理技能。该项目将研究通过各种实验研究获得基础组织学专业知识的当前最佳方法。本研究的具体目标如下： 1）确定显微镜载玻片中人类感知者的信息。 两项研究将为已完成第一年组织学课程的个人生成使用显微镜载玻片中的诊断信息的模型。 2) 评估显微解剖学的视觉空间理解对于识别显微镜载玻片中的组织的重要性。将进行一项实验来检验这样一个假设：识别显微镜载玻片中的结构和组织的能力将直接随着人们对整个组织的显微解剖结构的清晰视觉空间理解的程度而变化。 3) 评估切片变换的视觉空间理解对于识别显微镜载玻片中的组织的重要性。将进行一项实验来检验以下假设：识别显微镜载玻片中的结构和组织的能力将直接随显微镜载玻片中的结构和组织的程度而变化。 人们对将 3D 解剖学与 2D 解剖学切片相关联的转换有清晰的视觉空间理解。这项研究的结果将带来对组织学认知的详细理解，并推动用于解释人类技术生成的图像（例如 X 射线、核磁共振、航空照片）的视觉符号系统理论的进步。该项目有可能对本科生和医学院培养组织学技能的方法产生重大改变。对虚拟现实学习方法的研究与对组织学推理的严格研究相结合将直接导致软件的开发，这些软件可能会显着加速这个具有挑战性和重要领域的技能发展。

项目成果

Learning with interactive computer graphics in the undergraduate neuroscience classroom.

在本科生神经科学课堂上使用交互式计算机图形学进行学习。

• DOI: 10.1007/s10459-013-9483-3
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice
• 作者: Pani,JohnR;Chariker,JuliaH;Naaz,Farah;Mattingly,William;Roberts,Joshua;Sephton,SandraE
• 通讯作者: Sephton,SandraE

Acquiring new spatial intuitions: learning to reason about rotations.

获得新的空间直觉：学习推理旋转。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2005.06.002
• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Cognitive psychology
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Pani,JohnR;Chariker,JuliaH;Dawson,ThomasE;Johnson,Nathan
• 通讯作者: Johnson,Nathan