Mechanisms of signaling in otoconial organs

耳锥器官的信号传导机制

• 批准号: 7850278
• 负责人: ELLENGENE H PETERSON
• 金额: $ 31.14万
• 依托单位: OHIO UNIVERSITY ATHENS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-17 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7850278
• 关键词: Address; Animals; Attention; Auditory; Award; Behavior; Biological Models; Biomechanics; Build-it; Cell model; Clinical; Computing Methodologies; Coupling; Data; Databases; Diagnosis; Elements; Figs - dietary; Foundations; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Goals; Hair; Hair Cells; Head Movements; In Situ; In Vitro; Information Theory; Knowledge; Labyrinth; Lead; Learning; Left; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Mechanics; Medical; Membrane; Mission; Modeling; Movement; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Organ; Pattern; Peripheral; Physicians; Posture; Preparation; Process; Property; Research; Research Personnel; Semicircular canal structure; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Source; Space Perception; Speed; Staging; Stimulus; Structure; System; Systems Analysis; Testing; Time; Turtles; Type I Hair Cell; Utricle structure; Video Recording; Visit; Work; base; cell type; electrical property; gaze; improved; macula; mechanical behavior; multidisciplinary; programs; research study; response; sensory system; social; treatment strategy

Project summary. Normal behavior and spatial orientation depend upon vestibular signals from the inner ear. There are two major subdivisions of the vestibular periphery: semicircular canals and otoconial organs. The former have been intensively studied. Otoconial organs are much less well understood, even though studies of central vestibular processing increasingly highlight their importance in control of posture, gaze, spatial orientation, and vegetative functions. Thus, there is a pressing need to understand this important subdivision of the labyrinth. We propose to address this need by analyzing the mechanical and biophysical origins of signals from a major otoconial organ, the utricle. Our experimental preparation is a turtle, one of the premier model systems for analyses of peripheral auditory and vestibular mechanisms. This multidisciplinary initiative analyzes utricular mechanisms at levels from behavior to cellular modeling. It builds on results from our current studies of biomechanics, which have yielded the most detailed data base on the structure and mechanics of the utricle available for any vertebrate. Aim 1 uses high-speed video recording and NMR images of the labyrinth to quantify the stimuli that utricular hair cells are exposed to in freely behaving animals. Aim 2 and Aim 3 combine experimental mechanics with biophysical and computational analyses to characterize important mechanical and hair cell responses to these stimuli. Aim 4 uses morphophysiology, information analysis, and modeling to quantify the resulting afferent signals and their information content, contrast these signals with hair cell responses to the same stimuli, and test hypotheses about the origins of signal diversity in utricular afferents. Thus, the proposed research continues our efforts to build the first detailed, quantitative description of the mechanisms that shape utricular signals to the CMS. Relevance. Vestibular dysfunction is a common cause of physician visits. It can be particularly disabling, and vestibular deficits are thus a significant medical, social, and financial concern. In spite of its importance, the vestibular system, and otoconial organs in particular, are far less well understood than other sensory systems. We need new knowledge of otoconial organ function to improve diagnosis and treatment strategies. By contributing to this knowledge, the proposed research is directly relevant to the mission of the NIDCD.

项目总结。正常行为和空间定向取决于来自内部的前庭信号 耳朵。前庭周边有两个主要部分：半规管和耳圆锥器官。 前者已被深入研究。耳锥器官的了解要少得多，尽管 对中枢前庭处理的研究越来越强调它们在控制姿势、凝视、 空间定向和植物功能。因此，迫切需要了解这一重要的 迷宫的细分。我们建议通过分析机械和生物物理来解决这一需求 来自主要耳圆锥器官——椭圆囊的信号起源。我们的实验准备是一只乌龟，其中之一 用于分析外周听觉和前庭机制的首要模型系统。这 多学科倡议从行为到细胞建模的各个层面分析了椭圆囊机制。它构建了 基于我们当前的生物力学研究结果，这些研究产生了关于生物力学的最详细的数据库 适用于任何脊椎动物的椭圆囊的结构和力学。目标1使用高速视频录制 和 NMR 图像来量化椭圆囊毛细胞自由暴露的刺激 行为动物。目标 2 和目标 3 将实验力学与生物物理和计算相结合 分析来表征对这些刺激的重要机械和毛细胞反应。目标4用途 形态生理学、信息分析和建模，以量化由此产生的传入信号及其 信息内容，将这些信号与毛细胞对相同刺激的反应进行对比，并测试假设 关于椭圆囊传入信号多样性的起源。因此，拟议的研究将继续我们的努力 建立第一个详细、定量的描述，描述向 CMS 形成椭圆囊信号的机制。 关联。前庭功能障碍是就诊的常见原因。它可能会特别令人失能， 因此，前庭功能障碍是一个重大的医疗、社会和经济问题。尽管它很重要， 前庭系统，尤其是耳锥器官，远不如其他感觉器官那么了解 系统。我们需要耳锥器官功能的新知识来改善诊断和治疗 策略。通过贡献这些知识，拟议的研究与该组织的使命直接相关 NIDCD。