Mechanisms of signaling in otoconial organs

耳锥器官的信号传导机制

• 批准号: 7211009
• 负责人: ELLENGENE H PETERSON
• 金额: $ 60.45万
• 依托单位: OHIO UNIVERSITY ATHENS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-07-01 至 2011-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7211009
• 关键词: Address; Animals; Attention; Auditory; Award; Behavior; Biological Models; Biomechanics; Build-it; Cell model; Clinical; Computing Methodologies; Coupling; Data; Databases; Diagnosis; Elements; Figs - dietary; Foundations; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Goals; Hair; Hair Cells; Head Movements; In Situ; In Vitro; Information Theory; Knowledge; Labyrinth; Lead; Learning; Left; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Mechanics; Medical; Membrane; Mission; Modeling; Movement; Organ; Pattern; Peripheral; Physicians; Posture; Preparation; Process; Property; Research; Research Personnel; Semicircular canal structure; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Source; Space Perception; Speed; Staging; Stimulus; Structure; System; Systems Analysis; Testing; Time; Turtles; Type I Hair Cell; Utricle structure; Video Recording; Visit; Work; base; cell type; electrical property; gaze; improved; macula; multidisciplinary; programs; research study; response; sensory system; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project summary. Normal behavior and spatial orientation depend upon vestibular signals from the inner ear. There are 2 major subdivisions of the vestibular periphery: semicircular canals and otoconial organs. The former have been intensively studied. Otoconial organs are much less well understood, even though studies of central vestibular processing increasingly highlight their importance in control of posture, gaze, spatial orientation, and vegetative functions. Thus, there is a pressing need to understand this important subdivision of the labyrinth. We propose to address this need by analyzing the mechanical and biophysical origins of signals from a major otoconial organ, the utricle. Our experimental preparation is a turtle, 1 of the premier model systems for analyses of peripheral auditory and vestibular mechanisms. This multidisciplinary initiative analyzes utricular mechanisms at levels from behavior to cellular modeling. It builds on results from our current studies of biomechanics, which have yielded the most detailed data base on the structure and mechanics of the utricle available for any vertebrate. Aim 1 uses high-speed video recording and NMR images of the labyrinth to quantify the stimuli that utricular hair cells are exposed to in freely behaving animals. Aim 2 and Aim 3 combine experimental mechanics with biophysical and computational analyses to characterize important mechanical and hair cell responses to these stimuli. Aim 4 uses morphophysiology, information analysis, and modeling to quantify the resulting afferent signals and their information content, contrast these signals with hair cell responses to the same stimuli, and test hypotheses about the origins of signal diversity in utricular afferents. Thus, the proposed research continues our efforts to build the first detailed, quantitative description of the mechanisms that shape utricular signals to the CMS. Relevance. Vestibular dysfunction is a common cause of physician visits. It can be particularly disabling, and vestibular deficits are thus a significant medical, social, and financial concern. In spite of its importance, the vestibular system, and otoconial organs in particular, are far less well understood than other sensory systems. We need new knowledge of otoconial organ function to improve diagnosis and treatment strategies. By contributing to this knowledge, the proposed research is directly relevant to the mission of the NIDCD.

描述(申请人提供)：项目总结。正常的行为和空间方向取决于来自内耳的前庭信号。前庭外周有两个主要分支：半规管和耳锥器。前者已经得到了深入的研究。尽管对中央前庭加工的研究日益强调它们在控制姿势、凝视、空间定向和植物功能方面的重要性，但对耳锥器官的了解要少得多。因此，迫切需要了解迷宫的这一重要细分。我们建议通过分析主要耳锥器官--椭圆体的信号的机械和生物物理来源来满足这一需求。我们的实验准备是一只乌龟，这是分析周围听觉和前庭机制的主要模型系统之一。这一多学科倡议在从行为到细胞建模的各个层面上分析椭圆体机制。它建立在我们目前的生物力学研究成果的基础上，这些研究成果已经产生了任何脊椎动物可用的椭圆体结构和力学的最详细的数据基础。目的1利用迷路的高速录像和核磁共振图像来量化在行为自由的动物中椭圆形毛细胞所受到的刺激。目标2和目标3将实验力学与生物物理和计算分析相结合，以表征重要的机械和毛细胞对这些刺激的反应。目的利用形态生理学、信息分析和建模技术，量化传入信号及其信息含量，将这些信号与毛细胞对相同刺激的反应进行比较，并验证有关椭圆形传入信号多样性起源的假说。因此，这项拟议的研究继续我们的努力，以建立第一个详细的，定量的机制，形成椭圆形信号到CMS。关联性。前庭功能障碍是医生就诊的常见原因。它可以是特别残疾的，因此前庭缺陷是一个重要的医疗、社会和经济问题。尽管前庭系统很重要，但与其他感官系统相比，人们对前庭系统，特别是耳锥器官的了解要少得多。我们需要耳锥器官功能的新知识来改进诊断和治疗策略。通过对这一知识的贡献，拟议的研究与NIDCD的使命直接相关。