Sequencing the Microbiome in Two Primate Species Under Two Dietary Conditions

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请寻求资金，以允许来自两个CTSA资助机构的研究人员（华盛顿大学临床和转化科学研究所和杜克转化医学研究所从两个动物和生物材料资源非人灵长类繁殖群中获取材料（P40 RR 019963：绿猴; P40 RR 021380：食蟹猴），两者都位于维克森林大学灵长类动物中心。具体而言，该资助将专注于测序和分析居住在非人类灵长类动物中的微生物，确定饮食如何影响微生物组，描述微生物种群中与饮食相关的差异与常见疾病（心血管疾病，肥胖和2型糖尿病）风险因素相关的程度，并启动与人类微生物组的比较。这些努力直接支持P40赠款的具体目标，除了生产用于生物医学研究的猴子外，还直接用于开发用于调查慢性和退行性疾病的猴子模型，这些疾病构成了成年美国人健康负担的很大一部分。 公共卫生相关性（由申请人提供）：拟定研究将证明饮食对猴种属内微生物类型和数量的影响，确定两种猴种属之间预期的微生物变异程度，并确定不同饮食条件下微生物指数与慢性疾病风险生物标志物之间的关系。由此产生的数据将有助于确定微生物组与慢性疾病风险的生物医学相关性，并确定可能影响人类微生物组项目（NIH路线图计划）中计划研究的因素（如饮食）。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application seeks funds to allow investigators from two CTSA-funded institutions (The Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences and the Duke Translatlonal Medicine Institute to access materials from two Animal and Biological Materials Resources nonhuman primate breeding colonies (P40 RR019963: Chlorocebus aethiops; P40 RR021380: Macaca fascicularis), both of which are located at the Wake Forest University Primate Center. Specifically, this grant will focus on sequencing and analyzing microbes that reside in nonhuman primates, determine how diet affects the microbiome, describe the extent to which diet-related differences in microbial populations are related to risk factors for common diseases (cardiovascular disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes), and initiate comparisons with human microbiomes. These efforts are in direct support of the specific aims of both P40 grants, which, in addition to producing monkeys for biomedical research, are directed toward development of monkey models for the investigation of the chronic and degenerative diseases that comprise a large part of the health burden of adult Americans. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE (provided by applicant): The proposed study will demonstrate the impact of diet on microbial type and number within monkey species, determine the extent of microbial variation that can be expected between two monkey species, and identify relationships between microbial indices and biomarkers for chronic disease risk under different dietary conditions. The resulting data will help determine the biomedical relevance of the microbiome in relation to chronic disease risk and identify factors (such as diet) that may influence planned studies in the Human Microbiome Project (an NIH Roadmap initiative).