Parenting and Adolescents: A Pooled Data Analysis of Ethnically Diverse Families

育儿与青少年：种族多元化家庭的汇总数据分析

• 批准号: 7991082
• 负责人: Diane Leslie Hughes
• 金额: $ 31.25万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-10 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7991082
• 关键词: Academic achievement; Accounting; Achievement; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adult; African; African American; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; American; American Indians; Asians; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Belief; Chinese American; Chinese People; Cognition; Comparative Study; Conflict (Psychology); Consensus; Country; Data; Data Aggregation; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Dimensions; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; European; Family; Funding; Future; Glean; Goals; Heart; Hispanic Americans; Intervention; Investments; Knowledge; Latino; Light; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Meta-Analysis; Methods; Mexican; Mexican Americans; Mission; Modeling; Monitor; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Participant; Performance; Play; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Process; Publishing; Race; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Role; Sampling; Self Perception; Site; Socialization; Specific qualifier value; System; Testing; Time; United States; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; United States National Institutes of Health; Value Orientations; Variant; Walkers; Work; Youth; base; cultural values; design; ethnic difference; ethnic minority population; externalizing behavior; innovation; member; parental influence; programs; psychologic; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; racial and ethnic disparities; racial/ethnic difference; self esteem; social cognition; socioeconomics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Ethnic-racial disparities in achievement and mental health during adolescence, in which ethnic minority youth from African American, Hispanic, American Indian, and Asian backgrounds are at elevated risk for poor academic and mental health outcomes relative to their European American counterparts are well documented. Such disparities suggest that it is crucial to understand the potential ethnic-racial variations in the components of parenting that most effectively protect youth from maladaptive outcomes versus those that place them at risk. However, there is little consensus among researchers regarding whether varied aspects of parenting operate similarly or differently across sub-cultural groups within the United States, most commonly delimited in terms of racial-ethnic group membership. Comparative studies do not consistently disentangle differences due to race/ethnicity from potentially confounding differences due to socioeconomic, family, or neighborhood factors. And studies rarely include measures of cultural processes that permit a test of a-priori hypotheses regarding cultural factors (beliefs, goals, or value orientations) that may underlie ethnic group differences in parental influences. Thus, the central aim of this study is address previous research limitations by aggregating data from multiple datasets into a single data set that is comprised of ethnically diverse families, extensive measures of parenting, and youths' behavioral, academic outcomes, and self-perceptions alongside demographic, family, and neighborhood controls. This pooled data analytic strategy simultaneously includes and enables the testing of (a) multiple ethnic groups, (b) comparable measures of parenting and of developmental outcomes, (c) comparable controls for family, socioeconomic, and neighborhood factors that may confound empirical relationships and, most importantly, (d) methods for assessing cultural based values, beliefs, or social cognitions that may underlie ethnic-racial differences in parenting consequences, when found. Through the collaborative work of the 10 members and 4 affiliates of the Study Group on Culture, Race, and Ethnicity (SGRCE) , the central aims of the study are: (1): To aggregate data from 11 datasets (9 belonging to study group members; 2 public use datasets) into a single dataset that contains large samples of participants from five ethnic groups (European American, African American, Chinese-origin, Mexican American, and American Indian), extensive measures of parenting, and youths' behavioral and academic outcomes, and also their self- perceptions (self-esteem and ethnic identity) along with demographic, family, and neighborhood variables that will be used as controls (2) To evaluate a conceptual model that specifies inter- relationships between core parenting constructs (warmth, behavioral control, psychological control, cultural socialization) and youths' adjustment (internalizing, externalizing, academic achievement) , including self-esteem and ethnic identity as important mediators, (3) To examine whether models that allow inter-relationships among core parenting variables and between parenting and youths' self perceptions and adjustment to vary across ethnic groups fit the data better than ones in which inter-relationships are constrained to be equal and (4) To utilize findings from the pooled-data analysis regarding relationships between parenting and adolescent outcomes to generate hypotheses regarding cultural processes underlying differences that emerge. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The well-documented ethnic-racial disparities in achievement and mental health during adolescence argue for the need to understand the potential ethnic-racial variations in the components of parenting that most effectively protect youth from maladaptive outcomes versus those that place them at risk. This project examines the inter-relationships among parenting and youths' behavioral, academic outcomes, and self-perceptions alongside demographic, family, and neighborhood controls through the use of a pooled-meta pooled data analytic strategy. In light of the focus of intervention/prevention programs on parent training, this research will inform scholars and practitioners in regards to increased understanding of potential ethnic-racial variations in the components of parenting that most effectively protect youth from maladaptive outcomes versus those that place them at risk.

描述(由申请人提供)：在青春期的成就和心理健康方面的种族-种族差异，来自非洲裔美国人、西班牙裔、美国印第安人和亚裔背景的少数民族青年比他们的欧洲裔美国人同龄人的学业和精神健康结果差的风险更高，这一点得到了很好的证明。这种差异表明，了解最有效地保护青少年免受适应不良后果影响的育儿组成部分与将他们置于危险境地的组成部分中潜在的族裔-种族差异至关重要。然而，对于在美国境内的亚文化群体中，育儿的不同方面是相似还是不同，研究人员几乎没有达成共识。亚文化群体通常是以种族-民族群体的成员身份划分的。比较研究没有始终如一地将种族/民族差异与社会经济、家庭或邻里因素造成的潜在混淆差异区分开来。而且研究很少包括对文化过程的测量，这些测量允许对关于文化因素(信仰、目标或价值取向)的先验假设进行测试，这些因素可能是种族群体在父母影响方面存在差异的基础。因此，这项研究的中心目标是通过将来自多个数据集的数据聚合到一个单一数据集来解决先前研究的局限性，该数据集包括不同种族的家庭、广泛的育儿措施、青少年的行为、学业结果和自我认知，以及人口、家庭和社区控制。这一集合数据分析策略同时包括并能够测试(A)多个种族群体，(B)育儿和发展结果的可比测量，(C)可能混淆经验关系的家庭、社会经济和邻里因素的可比控制，以及(D)评估基于文化的价值观、信仰或社会认知的方法，这些价值观、信仰或社会认知可能导致育儿结果的种族-种族差异，如果发现这些方法。通过文化、种族和民族研究小组(SGRCE)的10名成员和4个附属机构的协作工作，这项研究的中心目标是：(1)从11个数据集(9个属于研究小组成员；公众使用的数据集)转化为一个单一的数据集，该数据集包含来自五个种族(欧洲裔美国人、非裔美国人、华裔美国人、墨西哥裔美国人和美国印第安人)的参与者的大样本、父母教养和青少年的行为和学业结果的广泛测量，以及他们的自我认知(自尊和种族认同)，以及将用作对照的人口、家庭和邻里变量(2)评估一个概念模型，该模型描述了核心育儿结构(温暖、行为控制、心理控制、文化社会化)和青少年的适应(内化、外化、学业成就)之间的相互关系，将自尊和种族认同作为重要的中介变量；(3)检验允许核心育儿变量之间以及育儿与青少年的自我认知和适应之间存在相互关系的模型是否比那些将相互关系限制为平等的模型更符合数据；以及(4)利用关于父母养育和青少年结果之间关系的汇集数据分析的结果，产生关于潜在差异的文化过程的假设。 与公共健康相关：在青春期的成就和心理健康方面，种族-种族差异是有据可查的，这表明有必要了解在最有效地保护青少年免受适应不良后果影响的育儿组成部分与将他们置于危险境地的育儿组成部分之间潜在的种族差异。该项目通过使用集合-元集合数据分析策略，考察了育儿方式、青少年的行为、学业成绩、自我认知以及人口、家庭和社区控制之间的相互关系。鉴于干预/预防计划的重点是家长培训，这项研究将向学者和实践者提供信息，使他们更好地了解父母养育组成部分中潜在的种族差异，这些组成部分最有效地保护青少年免受适应不良后果的影响，而不是将他们置于危险之中。