A portable, fast sensor for oxidative capacity of particulate air pollution

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的目标是开发新型传感化学，以快速评估新鲜收集的大气气溶胶在生物系统中引起氧化应激的能力。我们建议设计和验证一种新的传感器的氧化负荷相结合的微流体与一个新的气溶胶收集系统的有利方面。我们假设，测量直接和间接的氧化负荷从新鲜收集的气溶胶颗粒可以实现使用耦合到一个气溶胶颗粒收集器的微流体传感器。我们的方法是取代传统的测量仪器（过滤收集色谱/光谱），这是笨重，昂贵，和缓慢的传感系统，利用微流体是紧凑，快速，廉价的。微流体技术提供了进行确定氧化负荷所需的化学反应而无需重复手动步骤的能力，并提供了使用微升溶液体积测量所得信号的分析。这种溶液体积的减少使得采样和分析时间显著减少，同时仍然产生可测量的信号。微流控系统的小尺寸也将允许创建便携式传感器，具有个性化暴露评估的潜力。在我们测量这些气溶胶的反应性的同时，我们将使用在线气溶胶质谱法来提供关于氧化负荷与大气气溶胶的组成、大小和年龄之间关系的额外信息。本项目的目标是：具体目标1：设计，构建和测试耦合到颗粒收集器的微流体传感器，用于测量气溶胶氧化负荷。在这个以设计为中心的目标中，我们将创建测量直接和间接氧化负荷所需的新传感化学。我们还将在受控的实验室条件下评估检测和定量的分析限。具体目标2：测量新收集的大气气溶胶的直接和间接氧化负荷。在第二个目标中，我们将测试我们的中心假设，测量新鲜沉积的气溶胶颗粒的氧化负荷的能力。我们还将使用替代的离线化学分析来评估方法的灵敏度和特异性。 公共卫生相关性：一个新兴的假说指出，气溶胶引起的细胞氧化应激的大部分有害影响。因此，需要在与环境因子相关的氧化应激测量领域取得进展。一种新的在线监测工具，提供了一个更生理相关的措施，与人类疾病相关的空气污染特性，将支持实验室，亚临床，和人口水平的研究，试图将氧化空气污染与人类疾病。因此，这一工具将有助于研究人员和政策制定者更好地了解空气污染在健康人群和高危人群中引起不良健康后果的来源和机制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to develop novel sensing chemistry to rapidly assess the ability of freshly collected atmospheric aerosols to cause oxidative stress in biological systems. We propose to design and validate of a novel sensor for oxidative load that combines advantageous aspects of microfluidics with a new aerosol collection system. We hypothesize that measurement of direct and indirect oxidative load from freshly collected aerosol particles can be achieved using a microfluidic sensor coupled to an aerosol particle collector. Our approach is to replace traditional measurement instrumentation (filter collection with chromatography/spectroscopy) that is bulky, expensive, and slow with sensing systems utilizing microfluidics that are compact, fast, and inexpensive. Microfluidics provides the ability to carry out the chemical reactions necessary to determine oxidative load without repeated manual steps and provide the analytics to measure the resulting signals using microliter solution volumes. This reduction in solution volume allows a dramatic reduction in sampling and analysis time while still generating a measurable signal. The small size of the microfluidic system will also allow a portable sensor to be created, with the potential for personalized exposure assessment. At the same time we measure the reactivity of these aerosols, we will use on-line aerosol mass spectrometry to provide additional information on the relationship between oxidative load and the composition, size, and age of atmospheric aerosol. The aims of this project are: Specific Aim 1: Design, build, and test a microfluidic sensor coupled to a particle collector for measurement of aerosol oxidative load. In this design-focused aim, we will create the new sensing chemistry required for measurement of direct and indirect oxidative load. We will also evaluate analytic limits of detection and quantification under controlled laboratory conditions. Specific Aim 2: Measure the direct and indirect oxidative loads of freshly collected atmospheric aerosols. In the second aim we will test our central hypothesis, the ability to measure oxidative load of freshly deposited aerosol particles. We will also evaluate aspects of method sensitivity and specificity using alternative, off-line chemical analyses. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: An emerging hypothesis states that aerosols cause a majority of their harmful effects by eliciting cellular oxidative stress. Consequently, there is a need for advancement in the field of oxidative stress measurement related to environmental agents. A novel on-line monitoring tool that provides a more physiologically relevant measure of air pollution properties that correlate with human disease will support benchside, sub-clinical, nd population-level studies that seek to associate oxidative air pollution with human disease. Thus, this instrumentation will help researchers and policymakers better understand the sources and mechanisms by which air pollution induces adverse health outcomes in both healthy and at-risk populations.