Parental Problem Drinking and Child Sleep: Family and Physiological Mechanisms of

父母饮酒问题和儿童睡眠：家庭和生理机制

• 批准号: 7773375
• 负责人: Peggy S Keller
• 金额: $ 22.81万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7773375
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol dependence; American; Attenuated; Behavior; Child; Child Behavior; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Development; Emotional; Exhibits; Failure; Family; Family Relationship; Foundations; Functional disorder; Gender; General Population; Goals; Government; Grant; Health; Individual Differences; Infant; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratory Procedures; Light; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Nervous System Physiology; Outcome; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting behavior; Parents; Physiological; Polysomnography; Prevention; Problem behavior; Procedures; Process; Public Health; Reporter; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Schedule; Sleep; Sleep Disorders; Sleep disturbances; Stress; Surveys; Testing; Withdrawal; actigraphy; aged; anti social; base; biological adaptation to stress; child well being; clinically significant; depressive symptoms; diaries; drinking; experience; mind body interaction; multidisciplinary; programs; public health relevance; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol problems are prevalent in the general population, with an estimated 18.8 million Americans currently suffering from alcohol dependence or abuse (www.samhsa.gov) and 1 in 4 American children exposed to problem drinking in their family (Grant, 2000). The consequences for children can be serious, including emotional and behavioral problems, but has been virtually no examination of the impact of parental problem drinking (PPD) on child sleep. Sleep is critical for healthy development and adaptive daytime functioning, yet 20% to 40% of children experience clinically significant sleep disruptions. The objectives of the current study are to address these open scientific questions regarding the relation between PPD and child sleep within an exploratory and multidisciplinary framework. Specifically, the goals are to (1) examine maternal and paternal PPD as a risk factor for children's shorter sleep duration, lower sleep quality, and erratic sleep schedule; (2) consider marital conflict and parenting as potential mediators of the association between PPD and child sleep; and (3) test whether vagal functioning (tone and withdrawal) moderates the association between PPD (and associated family dysfunction) and child sleep problems. The study will include 250 children aged 6 to 11 and their married or cohabiting parents; children will be normally developing and drawn from the broader community. Children's sleep will be assessed over the course of one week using diary reports and actigraphy. PPD, marital functioning, and parent-child relations will be measured using multiple measures and reporters, including collateral reports of drinking and conflict behavior, permitting bias-free assessments of key constructs. Well-established procedures will assess vagal tone and withdrawal in response to laboratory procedures. A number of potentially important covariates will also be assessed and included in analyses, such as parental depression, parental antisocial behavior, and child adjustment problems. Differences in relations based on parent and child gender will also be explored. The proposed study will advance understanding of child outcomes associated with PPD and contribute to the small but growing literature that demonstrates the negative effects of family stress on child sleep (PA-07- 140, Research on Sleep and Sleep Disorders) by providing the first known examination of relations between PPD and child sleep amount, quality, or schedule. Further, the proposed study will examine possible mechanisms of risk at both the interpersonal and physiological levels (PA-07-046, Research on Mind-Body Interactions and Health), providing initial evidence for processes accounting for the associations between PPD and child sleep, and identifying those children who may be at greatest risk for sleep problems in the context of PPD. Findings will provide preliminary support for more focused R01 studies, and ultimately will shed light on potential targets for intervention or prevention addressing the serious public health concerns of PPD and child sleep problems. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Alcohol problems are a serious public health concern, yet their impact on family and child functioning are understudied. The proposed study is the first known examination between parental problem drinking (PPD) and child sleep parameters. Sleep disturbances in American children are highly prevalent, and research increasingly demonstrates their harmful effects on child functioning. However, little is known about how family stress may impact child sleep. Further, research is needed to identify mechanisms of risk involved in these influences. The proposed study examines relations between maternal and paternal PPD and child sleep quality, amount, and schedule; it also tests family relationship problems (e.g., marital and parent-child conflict) and physiological stress response (e.g., vagal tone and withdrawal) as mechanisms of risk. Findings of the proposed study will illuminate specific forms of sleep disturbances that are associated with PPD, help identify children and families at greatest risk, and lay the foundation for a focused program of longitudinal research.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精问题在一般人群中普遍存在，估计目前有1880万美国人患有酒精依赖或滥用（www.samhsa.gov），每4个美国儿童中就有1个在其家庭中暴露于问题饮酒（Grant，2000）。对儿童的后果可能是严重的，包括情绪和行为问题，但几乎没有检查父母问题饮酒（PPD）对儿童睡眠的影响。睡眠对健康发育和适应性日间功能至关重要，但20%至40%的儿童会经历临床上显著的睡眠中断。本研究的目的是在一个探索性和多学科的框架内解决这些关于PPD和儿童睡眠之间关系的开放性科学问题。具体来说，目标是（1）检查母亲和父亲的产后抑郁症作为儿童睡眠时间短，睡眠质量低，睡眠时间不稳定的危险因素;（2）考虑婚姻冲突和养育作为产后抑郁症和儿童睡眠之间的关联的潜在中介;以及（3）测试迷走神经功能（紧张和退缩）是否调节PPD（和相关的家庭功能障碍）与儿童睡眠问题之间的关联。 这项研究将包括250名6至11岁的儿童及其已婚或同居的父母;儿童将正常发育，并从更广泛的社区中抽取。儿童的睡眠将在一周内通过日记报告和活动记录仪进行评估。PPD、婚姻功能和亲子关系将使用多项措施和报告进行测量，包括饮酒和冲突行为的附带报告，允许对关键结构进行无偏见评估。完善的程序将评估迷走神经张力和戒断反应对实验室程序的反应。一些潜在的重要协变量也将被评估并纳入分析，如父母抑郁，父母反社会行为和儿童适应问题。还将探讨基于父母和子女性别的关系差异。 这项拟议的研究将促进对与PPD相关的儿童结局的理解，并通过提供PPD与儿童睡眠量，质量或时间表之间关系的第一个已知检查，为证明家庭压力对儿童睡眠的负面影响（PA-07- 140，睡眠和睡眠障碍研究）的小型但不断增长的文献做出贡献。此外，拟议的研究将在人际和生理水平上检查可能的风险机制（PA-07-046，身心互动与健康研究），为解释PPD与儿童睡眠之间关联的过程提供初步证据，并确定在PPD背景下可能面临最大睡眠问题风险的儿童。研究结果将为更有针对性的R 01研究提供初步支持，并最终将揭示潜在的干预或预防目标，以解决PPD和儿童睡眠问题的严重公共卫生问题。 公共卫生相关性：酒精问题是一个严重的公共卫生问题，但其对家庭和儿童功能的影响研究不足。这项研究是第一个已知的父母问题饮酒（PPD）和儿童睡眠参数之间的检查。美国儿童的睡眠障碍非常普遍，研究越来越多地表明其对儿童功能的有害影响。然而，人们对家庭压力如何影响儿童睡眠知之甚少。此外，需要进行研究，以确定这些影响所涉及的风险机制。这项拟议的研究检查了母亲和父亲的PPD与儿童睡眠质量、数量和时间表之间的关系;它还测试了家庭关系问题（例如，婚姻和亲子冲突）和生理应激反应（例如，迷走神经张力和退缩）作为风险机制。拟议研究的结果将阐明与PPD相关的特定形式的睡眠障碍，帮助识别风险最大的儿童和家庭，并为纵向研究的重点项目奠定基础。