Mechanisms Underlying the Association between Maternal and Offspring Obesity

母亲和后代肥胖之间关联的机制

• 批准号: 8190273
• 负责人: Paula Catherine Chandler-Laney
• 金额: $ 14.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8190273
• 关键词: Achievement; Adipose tissue; Adverse effects; Alabama; Basic Science; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Birth; C-Peptide; Child; Conduct Clinical Trials; Data; Deposition; Development Plans; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Environment; Epidemiology; Faculty; Female of child bearing age; Fetus; Future; Glucose; Goals; Growth; Health; High Prevalence; Hyperinsulinism; Institution; Insulin; Intervention; Life; Link; Lipids; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Metabolic; Metabolism; Modeling; Monitor; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Neonatal; Neurosciences; Nonesterified Fatty Acids; Obesity; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Physiological; Placenta; Positioning Attribute; Postdoctoral Fellow; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Protocols documentation; Psychology; Public Health; Publishing; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Satiation; Screening procedure; Solid; Testing; Time; Training; Translating; Triglycerides; Umbilical Cord Blood; Umbilical cord structure; Universities; Weight; Weight Gain; Woman; adipokines; career; career development; design; early childhood; experience; fasting glucose; fetal; fetal programming; glucose metabolism; implementation research; indexing; infancy; insulin sensitivity; lipid metabolism; member; non-diabetic; novel; nutrition; obesity in children; obesity risk; offspring; post-doctoral training; prenatal; programs; prospective; tool; training project

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): I am a 4th year postdoctoral fellow preparing to transition to a junior faculty position. During my postdoctoral training, I have been actively engaged in research regarding prenatal programming of childhood obesity risk. I bring to this research a diverse training background in psychology, behavioral neuroscience, nutrition, and metabolism, as indicated by my publishing record. At this juncture, I seek an NIDDK-sponsored K01 award to support a project that will investigate mechanisms underlying prenatal programming, while concurrently providing me with the opportunity to obtain further training in physiological and behavioral predictors of childhood obesity. In addition, I will use this protected time to train in the design and conduct of clinical trials, particularly pertaining to behavioral interventions with longitudinal outcomes. These activities will ultimately help me to build a career in translating findings from basic research into feasible behavioral interventions to reduce the risk of obesity among offspring of obese women. The institution within which I will undertake my Career Development Plan is the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). This highly successful institution maintains a supportive environment for training junior investigators, with many resources that facilitate both research and training. I have selected a team of two mentors with complementary expertise, one of whom is external to UAB but is a leader in the field of maternal obesity and prenatal programming. They have helped me to select three consultants who will oversee the implementation of research protocols, and a three-member career advisory panel that will monitor the progress of my career and the achievement of my short- and long-term goals. The revised project and training plan described in this application reflect the input of each member of this team. The proposed project will examine independent effects of maternal obesity and metabolic health on offspring risk for obesity. At least a portion of the risk for offspring obesity is believed to be attributable to excess fuel delivery to the developing fetus, which alters programming of fetal metabolism that ultimately may contribute to excess deposition of adipose tissue. Consequently, offspring of obese women are at greater risk because obesity-related metabolic abnormalities, such as reduced insulin sensitivity and abnormal substrate metabolism, increase the availability of fuel to the fetus. It is not known, however, whether maternal obesity in the absence of poor metabolic health will contribute to offspring risk for obesity. Similarly, normal weight women may be dichotomized into those of good or poor metabolic health. The overall goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that offspring of obese but metabolically healthy women have less risk for obesity as compared to offspring of metabolically unhealthy women. Using a two-way factorial design, women will be recruited to fill normal weight vs. obese, high vs. low fasting glucose groups. Glucose and lipid metabolism will be rigorously assessed to examine whether fasting glucose is a useful screening tool for poor metabolic health during pregnancy (Specific Aim 1). The independent effects of maternal obesity and metabolic health on neonatal adiposity and umbilical cord C-peptide will be assessed (Specific Aim 2). Finally, a hypothesized pathway linking maternal weight and substrate metabolism, to fetal insulin, and to subsequent weight gain at 0- 3 years will be tested (Specific Aim 3). The novelty of the proposed study lies in the examination of the independent effects of maternal obesity and metabolic health on mechanisms underlying the prenatal programming of childhood obesity risk. If, as hypothesized, maternal metabolic health has a greater influence on offspring risk than does maternal obesity, future intervention efforts can focus on maintaining optimal metabolic health during pregnancy, irrespective of weight status. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: There is a high prevalence of obesity among women of childbearing age, and children of obese women have greater risk for obesity themselves. The proposed study will contribute to public health by examining the independent effects of maternal obesity and metabolic health on markers of offspring risk for obesity, and by testing a hypothesized mechanistic pathway linking maternal obesity to offspring obesity.

描述（由申请人提供）：我是一个第四年的博士后研究员准备过渡到初级教师职位。在我的博士后培训期间，我一直积极参与有关儿童肥胖风险的产前规划的研究。正如我的出版记录所示，我为这项研究带来了心理学、行为神经科学、营养学和新陈代谢方面的多样化培训背景。在这个节骨眼上，我寻求NIDDK赞助的K 01奖，以支持一个项目，该项目将调查产前编程的机制，同时为我提供机会，以获得进一步的培训，在儿童肥胖的生理和行为预测。此外，我将利用这段受保护的时间来训练临床试验的设计和实施，特别是关于纵向结果的行为干预。这些活动最终将帮助我建立一个职业生涯，将基础研究的发现转化为可行的行为干预措施，以降低肥胖女性后代的肥胖风险。我将在伯明翰的亚拉巴马大学（UAB）进行我的职业发展计划。这个非常成功的机构为培训初级调查人员提供了一个支持性的环境，有许多资源可以促进研究和培训。我选择了一个由两名具有互补专业知识的导师组成的团队，其中一人是UAB外部的，但在孕产妇肥胖和产前规划领域是领导者。他们帮助我挑选了三名顾问，他们将监督研究方案的实施，以及一个三人职业顾问小组，他们将监督我的职业生涯进展以及我的短期和长期目标的实现。本申请中描述的修订项目和培训计划反映了该团队每个成员的投入。拟议的项目将研究母亲肥胖和代谢健康对后代肥胖风险的独立影响。至少有一部分后代肥胖的风险被认为是由于过量的燃料输送到发育中的胎儿，这改变了胎儿代谢的程序，最终可能导致脂肪组织的过度沉积。因此，肥胖妇女的后代面临更大的风险，因为肥胖相关的代谢异常，如胰岛素敏感性降低和底物代谢异常，增加了胎儿的燃料可用性。然而，目前尚不清楚在代谢健康状况不佳的情况下，母亲肥胖是否会导致后代肥胖的风险。同样，正常体重的女性可能被分为代谢健康状况良好或较差的女性。本研究的总体目标是检验以下假设：与代谢不健康的女性的后代相比，肥胖但代谢健康的女性的后代患肥胖症的风险较低。采用双向析因设计，招募女性，以填补正常体重与肥胖，高与低空腹血糖组。将严格评估葡萄糖和脂质代谢，以检查空腹血糖是否是妊娠期间代谢健康不良的有用筛查工具（具体目标1）。将评估母体肥胖和代谢健康对新生儿肥胖和脐带C肽的独立影响（具体目标2）。最后，将检测一种假设的途径，该途径将母体体重和底物代谢与胎儿胰岛素以及随后0- 3岁时的体重增加联系起来（具体目标3）。这项研究的新奇在于检查母体肥胖和代谢健康对儿童肥胖风险产前规划机制的独立影响。如果如假设的那样，母体代谢健康对后代风险的影响大于母体肥胖，那么未来的干预工作可以集中在维持怀孕期间的最佳代谢健康，而不管体重状况如何。 公共卫生相关性：育龄妇女中肥胖症的发病率很高，肥胖妇女的子女本身患肥胖症的风险更大。这项拟议的研究将通过检查母体肥胖和代谢健康对后代肥胖风险标志物的独立影响，以及通过测试将母体肥胖与后代肥胖联系起来的假设机制途径，为公共卫生做出贡献。