Animal Models Workshop: The Physiology of Weight Loss Surgery

动物模型研讨会：减肥手术的生理学

• 批准号: 8205362
• 负责人: LEE MICHAEL KAPLAN
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-18 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8205362
• 关键词: Adipocytes; Anatomy; Animal Model; Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Area; Awareness; Bariatrics; Body Weight; Body Weight decreased; Boston; Cell physiology; Clinical; Collaborations; Communities; Development; Devices; Discipline; Eating; Educational workshop; Energy Metabolism; Food Preferences; Gastrectomy; Gastric Bypass; Gene Expression; Genetic Determinism; Glucose; Goals; Hepatic; Homeostasis; Hormones; Human; Immune; International; Intestines; Investigation; Islet Cell; Islets of Langerhans; Knowledge; Life; Lipids; Metabolic; Modeling; Molecular; Mus; Muscle Cells; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Neuraxis; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patients; Phenotype; Physical activity; Physiological; Physiology; Preparation; Procedures; Process; Proteins; Rattus; Regulation; Reporting; Request for Proposals; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Series; Signal Transduction; Site; Standardization; Techniques; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; bariatric surgery; biological systems; blood glucose regulation; comparative; design; energy balance; gastrointestinal; gastrointestinal function; genetic manipulation; insulin signaling; interest; lipid metabolism; mouse model; operation; programs; relating to nervous system; response; symposium; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The use of animal models of weight loss surgery to explore the physiological regulation of energy balance and metabolic function has increased dramatically during the past five years. Because of their powerful physiological effects, these bariatric surgical procedures provide a particularly valuable window on the physiological regulation of body weight, appetitive behavior, energy utilization, glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism and other related regulatory processes. Small animal models of these operations have been shown to replicate closely their human counterparts. Because of the ease of physiological, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of these animals, these models are highly useful tools. Indeed, many new animals models have recently been developed, and an increasing number of investigators are using these models for a wide variety of studies. Three of the six NIH-sponsored Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Centers have recently established Bariatric Surgery Animal Cores, and the NIDDK-sponsored Small Animal Metabolic Surgery (SAMS) Core Resource was established in 2009 to facilitate the dissemination of these models to the broader scientific community. As a result of these MMPC and SAMS Core efforts, there has been strong interest in having a workshop on the use and preparation of these models. The overall goals of the proposed workshop program are (1) to increase awareness of these valuable models, (2) to share the results of recent investigations using these models, (3) to share best practices in their preparation and use, and (4) to facilitate their dissemination and use by the broader scientific community. This proposal requests support for this conference, entitled "Animal Models Workshop: The Physiology of Weight Loss Surgery," to be held in Boston, MA on April 3-5, 2011. This second Animal Models Workshop mirrors the organization of the first such workshop, held at this site in 2006. The workshop will include a two-and-one-half day scientific program, followed by a half-day series of live demonstrations of bariatric surgical procedures in rats and mice. The scientific program will include reports from investigators who use these animal models extensively. It will include presentations devoted to the anatomy of the various surgical procedures and their comparative clinical and metabolic outcomes, including their effects on food intake, food preference, appetitive behavior, energy expenditure, physical activity, gastrointestinal function, and glucose and lipid homeostasis. The program will also highlight studies of the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying these effects, including the role of gut hormones, autonomic neural signaling, central nervous system pathways, portal and hepatic responses, insulin signaling, pancreatic islet cell function, intestinal microbiota, innate and adaptive immune signaling, white adipocyte, brown adipocyte and myocyte responses, genetic determinants of response, and systems biological effects using gene expression, protein and metabolic profiling. The workshop will also include several talks by leading investigators whose focus is on related areas of physiology and whose work may benefit from the knowledge and resources provided by the study of bariatric surgery in patients and animals. Despite their high value, many of these animal models are difficult to establish and used actively by only a limited number of investigators, To facilitate broader use of these models by investigators in multiple disciplines and promote standardization of technique wherever possible, the program will also include live demonstrations of the most commonly rat and mouse models, including Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, vertical sleeve gastrectomy, placement of the endoluminal sleeve device and ileal interposition. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The use of animal models of bariatric surgery to explore the physiological regulation of energy balance and metabolic function has increased dramatically during the past five years. The second Animal Models Workshop: Physiology of Weight Loss Surgery, to be held in Boston, MA on April 3-5, 2011, aims to bring together leading investigators working in this area, including several who use these animal models extensively and others whose focus is on related areas of physiology and whose work may benefit from the knowledge and resources provided by the study of bariatric surgery in patients and animals. The workshop will include a two- and-one-half day scientific program, followed by a half-day series of live demonstrations of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and other bariatric procedures in rat and mouse models.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的五年中，使用减肥手术的动物模型来探索能量平衡和代谢功能的生理调节急剧增加。由于其强大的生理作用，这些减肥手术程序提供了一个特别有价值的窗口生理调节体重，食欲行为，能量利用，葡萄糖稳态，脂质代谢和其他相关的调节过程。这些操作的小动物模型已被证明可以与人类模型密切复制。由于这些动物易于进行生理学、药理学和遗传学操作，这些模型是非常有用的工具。事实上，最近已经开发了许多新的动物模型，越来越多的研究人员正在使用这些模型进行各种各样的研究。NIH赞助的六个小鼠代谢表型中心中有三个最近建立了减肥手术动物核心，NIDDK赞助的小动物代谢手术（SAMS）核心资源于2009年建立，以促进这些模型向更广泛的科学界传播。由于MMPC和SAMS的这些核心努力，人们对举办一个关于使用和准备这些模型的讲习班有着浓厚的兴趣。拟议的研讨会计划的总体目标是（1）提高对这些宝贵模型的认识，（2）分享最近使用这些模型进行调查的结果，（3）分享其准备和使用的最佳做法，以及（4）促进更广泛的科学界传播和使用。本提案请求支持将于2011年4月3日至5日在马萨诸塞州波士顿举行的题为“动物模型研讨会：减肥手术的生理学”的会议。这第二个动物模型研讨会反映了第一个这样的研讨会，在这个网站在2006年举行的组织。研讨会将包括一个为期两天半的科学计划，随后是一个为期半天的一系列在大鼠和小鼠中进行减肥手术的现场演示。科学计划将包括广泛使用这些动物模型的研究人员的报告。它将包括专门介绍各种外科手术的解剖及其比较临床和代谢结果，包括其对食物摄入，食物偏好，食欲行为，能量消耗，体力活动，胃肠道功能以及葡萄糖和脂质稳态的影响。该计划还将突出这些影响的生理和分子机制的研究，包括肠道激素的作用，自主神经信号传导，中枢神经系统通路，门静脉和肝脏反应，胰岛素信号传导，胰岛细胞功能，肠道微生物群，先天性和适应性免疫信号传导，白色脂肪细胞，棕色脂肪细胞和肌细胞反应，反应的遗传决定因素，以及使用基因表达、蛋白质和代谢谱的系统生物学效应。研讨会还将包括主要研究人员的几次会谈，他们的重点是生理学的相关领域，他们的工作可能会受益于患者和动物减肥手术研究提供的知识和资源。尽管这些动物模型具有很高的价值，但其中许多动物模型很难建立并仅由有限数量的研究者积极使用。为了促进多学科研究者更广泛地使用这些模型，并尽可能促进技术标准化，该计划还将包括最常见的大鼠和小鼠模型的现场演示，包括Roux-en-Y胃旁路术，垂直袖状胃切除术，腔内套管装置的放置和回肠插入。 公共卫生相关性：在过去的五年中，使用减肥手术的动物模型来探索能量平衡和代谢功能的生理调节已经急剧增加。第二届动物模型研讨会：减肥手术的生理学，将于2011年4月3日至5日在马萨诸塞州波士顿举行，旨在汇集在这一领域工作的主要研究人员，包括一些广泛使用这些动物模型的人，以及其他关注生理学相关领域的人，他们的工作可能受益于患者和动物减肥手术研究提供的知识和资源。研讨会将包括一个为期两天半的科学计划，随后是一个为期半天的系列现场演示Roux-en-Y胃旁路手术和其他减肥手术在大鼠和小鼠模型。