VEGF and Islet Vascularization

VEGF 和胰岛血管化

• 批准号: 8010999
• 负责人: ALVIN C POWERS
• 金额: $ 7.89万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-02-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8010999
• 关键词: Affect; Angiogenic Factor; Architecture; Blood Glucose; Blood Vessels; Blood flow; Cells; Development; Endocrine; Endothelial Cells; Ephrins; Event; Gene Deletion; Gene Expression; Genes; Human; In Vitro; Inferior; Insulin; Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Intervention; Ischemia; Islet Cell; Islets of Langerhans; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Knowledge; Lead; Molecular; Pancreas; Physiology; Play; Production; Role; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Tissues; Transplantation; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; Vascular blood supply; Vascularization; angiogenesis; density; endocrine pancreas development; improved; in vivo; inhibitor/antagonist; insight; insulin secretion; islet; novel therapeutics; response; tumor; vasculogenesis

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pancreatic islets are extensively vascularized and this is important in their ability to sense the blood glucose and quickly secrete insulin. While islets receive up to 20 times more blood flow than surrounding pancreatic acinar tissue, the molecular factors and mechanisms responsible for islet vascularization are incompletely defined. New experimental evidence indicates that pancreatic islets express a number of angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin (Ang), and ephrins, and that interactions between islet and endothelial cells are important in both islet development and vascularization. Pancreatic islet transplantation is an emerging therapy for type 1 diabetes, but major obstacles and gaps in our scientific knowledge preclude islet transplantation from being widely adapted. For example, islet isolation severs vascular connections that must be reestablished through angiogenesis/vasculogenesis; a large number of islets (perhaps the majority) die in the first days after transplantation while islet revascularization is occurring. VEGF is a crucial angiogenic factor in vascular development, angiogenesis in response to ischemia, and tumor-related angiogenesis. Even though pancreatic endocrine and exocrine cells share a common developmental lineage, islet cells have greater VEGF expression and vessel density than surrounding exocrine cells. To test the hypotheses that islet vascularization and revascularization requires production of VEGF-A by pancreatic islet cells, we will: 1) Elucidate the role of VEGF-A in pancreatic islet development and function using cell-specific, temporal inactivation of the VEGF-A gene using the Cre-loxP system. 2) Examine how gain or loss of VEGF-A function in pancreatic islets affects islet development and function. 3) Determine if gain or loss of VEGF-A function alters the revascularization, survival, or function of transplanted islets. These results should provide a better understanding of normal islet vascularization and how this affects normal islet development, architecture, and function. Information from the transplantation studies may suggest new therapeutic strategies to improve the rapidity and degree of revascularization of transplanted islets.

描述（由申请人提供）：胰岛是广泛的血管化，这对于它们感知血糖并快速分泌胰岛素的能力很重要。尽管胰岛收到的血流最多是周围胰腺腺泡组织的20倍，但负责胰岛血管化的分子因子和机制是未完全定义的。新的实验证据表明，胰岛表达了许多血管生成因子，例如血管内皮生长因子（VEGF），血管生成素（ANG）和埃弗林，并且胰岛和内皮细胞之间的相互作用在胰岛发育和血管形成中都很重要。胰岛移植是1型糖尿病的新兴疗法，但是我们科学知识中的主要障碍和差距排除了广泛适应的胰岛移植。例如，胰岛隔离会切断必须通过血管生成/血管生成来重新建立的血管连接。在移植后的头几天，许多胰岛（也许是大多数）在胰岛血运重建时死亡。 VEGF是血管发育，响应缺血的血管生成和肿瘤相关血管生成的关键血管生成因子。即使胰腺内分泌细胞和外分泌细胞具有共同的发育谱系，胰岛细胞的VEGF表达和血管密度比周围的外分泌细胞更大。为了检验胰岛血管形成和血运重建的假设，需要胰岛细胞生产VEGF-A，我们将： 1）使用CRE-LoxP系统，使用细胞特异性的，VEGF-A基因的细胞特异性灭活胰岛胰岛发育和功能阐明VEGF-A在胰岛发育和功能中的作用。 2）检查胰岛中VEGF-A功能的增益或丧失如何影响胰岛的发展和功能。 3）确定VEGF-A功能的增益或丧失是否改变了移植胰岛的血运重建，存活或功能。这些结果应更好地了解正常胰岛血管化，以及这如何影响正常的胰岛发展，结构和功能。来自移植研究的信息可能会提出新的治疗策略，以提高移植胰岛的血运重建程度。