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A Relationship Process Model of Individual Psychopathology

个体精神病理学的关系过程模型

基本信息

批准号：
8070383
负责人：
Rebecca L Brock
金额：
$ 0.56万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-06-01 至 2012-07-27
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8070383
关键词：
Adult Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohols Anxiety Area Clinical Communities Conflict (Psychology)Couples Dependence Development Diagnosis Diagnostic Disease Disease susceptibility Effectiveness Environment Environmental Risk Factor Functional disorder Genes Genetic Predisposition to Disease Goals Guidelines Individual Intervention Interview Link Maintenance Major Depressive Disorder Marriage Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Modeling Outpatients Panic Disorder Patient Self-Report Prevention program Process Psychopathology Public Health Questionnaires Research Research Design Risk Risk Factors Sampling Services Societies Stress Structure Study models Symptoms Testing Theoretical model Time Work alcohol use disorder clinical anxiety clinically significant design environmental stressor experience improved intimate behavior longitudinal design meetings satisfaction therapy design treatment program

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Approximately 1 in 4 adults suffers from some form of mental illness in a given year, and almost $150 billion is spent annually on the treatment of mental disorders; however, only half of individuals seeking treatment for psychopathology actually experience clinically significant improvement. The overall objective of the proposed research is to develop and test an integrated theoretical model explaining how key risk factors interact to contribute to the developmental courses of internalizing (depression and anxiety) and externalizing (alcohol use) disorders, by integrating key components of diathesis-stress, internalizing, and externalizing models of psychopathology and a vulnerability-stress-adaptation model of relationship dysfunction. My central hypothesis is that genetic vulnerabilities for mental illness contribute to greater environmental stress and poorer relationship functioning, which in turn contribute to the course of psychopathology. There are 5 specific aims to the proposed research to be tested across 2 independent studies. Study #1: Aims 1 -2 will be examined in a sample of 275 community couples assessed 6 times over 7 years. The 1st aim is to explain the longitudinal associations between global relationship discord and psychopathology symptoms over the first 7 years of marriage, to determine the extent to which intimate relationships contribute to the developmental course of psychopathology. The 2nd aim is to develop an integrated conceptual framework using Kraemer et al.'s criteria to explain how relationship functioning interacts with genetic vulnerabilities and environmental stress to contribute to the development of psychopathology symptoms. The 3rd aim is to identify the specific relationship processes (e.g., support, conflict) contributing to the development of internalizing and externalizing symptoms within the framework developed in Aim 2. Study #2: Aims 4 and 5 will be examined in a clinical sample (100 outpatients) assessed once. The 4th aim is to develop a framework using Kraemer et al.'s criteria that explains how global relationship functioning interacts with genes and stress to contribute to current diagnoses of psychopathology. The 5th aim is to identify the specific relational processes associated with concurrent internalizing and externalizing disorders for treatment-seeking individuals. Self-report questionnaires and objective semi-structured interviews will be implemented. The proposed research is the first step toward my long-term goal to develop/enhance prevention and treatment programs targeting depression, anxiety, and alcohol use disorders and has particular relevance to public health given its potential to reduce the burden of mental illness in our society.

描述（由申请人提供）：在给定的一年中，大约四分之一的成年人患有某种形式的精神疾病，每年几乎花费1500亿美元用于治疗精神障碍；然而，只有一半寻求精神病理治疗的人在临床上得到了显著的改善。本研究的总体目标是通过整合精神病理学的素质-压力、内化和外化模型的关键组成部分以及关系功能障碍的脆弱性-压力-适应模型，开发和测试一个综合理论模型，解释关键风险因素如何相互作用，从而促进内化（抑郁和焦虑）和外化（酒精使用）障碍的发展过程。我的主要假设是，精神疾病的遗传脆弱性会导致更大的环境压力和更差的人际关系功能，这反过来又会导致精神病理学的发展。拟议的研究有5个具体目标，将在2个独立研究中进行测试。研究#1：目标1 -2将在275对社区夫妇的样本中进行检查，在7年内评估6次。第一个目的是解释在婚姻的前7年中，整体关系不和谐与精神病理症状之间的纵向关联，以确定亲密关系对精神病理发展过程的影响程度。第二个目标是利用Kraemer等人的标准建立一个综合的概念框架，以解释关系功能如何与遗传脆弱性和环境压力相互作用，从而促进精神病理症状的发展。第三个目标是在目标2制定的框架内确定有助于内化和外化症状发展的具体关系过程（例如，支持、冲突）。研究#2：目标4和目标5将在临床样本（100名门诊患者）中进行检查，评估一次。第四个目标是利用Kraemer等人的标准建立一个框架，解释整体关系功能如何与基因和压力相互作用，从而有助于当前的精神病理学诊断。第五个目标是确定与寻求治疗的个体并发内化和外化障碍相关的具体关系过程。采用自我报告问卷和客观半结构化访谈。我的长期目标是发展/加强针对抑郁、焦虑和酒精使用障碍的预防和治疗计划，这项拟议中的研究是我的第一步，鉴于它有可能减轻我们社会中精神疾病的负担，它与公共卫生特别相关。