AUDITORY-VISUAL INTEGRATION AND AGE

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请直接响应美国复苏和再投资法案的目标，该法案旨在加快科学研究的克里思，并通过改善临床护理和创造就业机会来投资经济影响。在面对面的环境中理解口语的能力是人类交流的一个组成部分，但这种能力似乎随着年龄的增长而减弱。令人惊讶的是，有很少的测试，可靠地评估成人的口语理解的基础上的听觉刺激，没有测试评估的基础上的视听刺激的理解。现有的少数听觉口语理解测试只包括一种或两种形式，因此不适合纵向跟踪表现。为了实现三个具体目标的父母补助金，包括一个涉及评估老年人的话语理解超过18个月的时间间隔，我们开发了视听测试，讲座，访谈和口语叙述（LISN）测试。该测试由八种形式组成，每种形式由六个口语段落组成。在听到和看到一个说话者说出每一段之后，考生要回答六个理解问题。在这一补编项目中，新雇用的工作人员将进行必要的测试，以确定八个LISN表格在纯视听演示条件和视听演示条件下的可靠性和有效性。参与者将包括100名付费志愿者，其中50名年龄在20-30岁之间，50名年龄在70-80岁之间。根据各个段落和问题的数据，我们将重新组合段落（并在适当时修改问题），以创建八个等效形式，每个六个段落，并创建多个缩短的临床版本的测试。这项研究不仅有助于解释父母补助金的结果，而且还将产生一种重要的研究和临床测量工具，即迄今为止听力学家和研究人员可用的测试工具库中缺少的口语理解测试。 公共卫生相关性：在父母补助金下，我们正在进行系统的调查，了解年龄对视听整合和口语理解的影响，以及听力和视力的表现如何变化。在拟议的项目中，我们将建立我们新开发的口语理解测试的替代形式的可靠性和有效性，该测试是父母补助金的核心评估工具，很可能成为听力学家和研究人员与老年人一起工作的重要临床工具。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is directly responsive to the goals of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, which are to accelerate the tempo of scientific research and to invest in economic impact through improved clinical care and job creation. The ability to comprehend spoken language in a face-to-face setting is an integral part of human communication, but this ability appears to diminish with age. Surprisingly, there are very few tests that reliably assess adult comprehension of spoken language based on auditory stimuli, and no tests for assessing comprehension based on audiovisual stimuli. The few existing auditory spoken language comprehension tests include only one or two forms, and so are not appropriate for tracking performance longitudinally. In order to achieve three of the Specific Aims in the parent grant, including one that involves assessing older person's discourse comprehension over an 18-month time interval, we developed the audiovisual test, Lectures, Interviews, and Spoken Narratives (LISN) Test. This test consists of eight forms, each consisting of six spoken passages. After hearing and seeing a talker speak each passage, test-takers answer six comprehension questions. In this Supplement project, newly hired staff will conduct the necessary tests to establish the reliability and validity of the eight LISN forms, for both an auditory-only presentation condition and an audiovisual presentation condition. Participants will include 100 paid volunteers, 50 of whom are between the ages of 20-30 yrs and 50 of whom are between the ages of 70-80 yrs. Based on the data for the individual passages and questions, we will recombine the passages (and revise questions when appropriate) to create eight equivalent forms of six passages each and to create multiple shortened, clinical versions of the test. This research will not only facilitate interpretation of the findings from the parent grant, but will also result in an important research and clinical measurement instrument, a spoken language comprehension test that has here-to-fore been missing from the arsenal of tests available to audiologists and researchers. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Under the parent grant, we are conducting the systematic investigation of how aging affects audiovisual integration and spoken language comprehension, and how performance varies with hearing and visual acuity. In the proposed project, we will establish the reliability and validity of alternative forms of our newly developed test of spoken language comprehension, a test that is the centerpiece assessment instrument for the parent grant and that may well become an important clinical tool for audiologists and researchers who work with older adults.