Spatiotemporal Brain Imaging of Alcohol Effects on Inhibitory Control

描述（由申请人提供）：这是NIAAA赞助的研究项目资助（R01）的修订申请，题为“酒精对抑制控制的影响的时空脑成像”问题饮酒者经常表现出自我控制和持续目标导向行为的缺陷。这一观察结果与表明急性中毒干扰评估冲突任务需求、抑制冲动反应和执行认知控制的能力的证据一致。这些损伤可能导致自我克制能力下降，导致饮酒和酒精依赖增加。拟议的研究的总体目标是使用多模态脑成像，以确定时间（“何时”）和空间（“在哪里”）的神经回路subserving抑制控制的特点，并确定其敏感性的急性酒精的影响。将使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来确定酒精诱导的变化发生在何处。出色的时间分辨率的磁（MEG）和脑电图（EEG）将阐明这些异常的时间。酒精对“输入”（刺激评价）和“输出”（反应准备，抑制和执行）的影响将同时进行研究，并与多模态神经成像方法。据推测，酒精中毒主要是破坏了整合的前额叶回路，对行为施加抑制性自上而下的控制。由于战略控制是通过一个复杂的系统，涉及多个阶段的这些集成的“输入”和“输出”流，除了错误监控和监管反馈回路，多模态成像方法可以揭示实时阶段的潜在的神经区域和它们的敏感性酒精中毒。健康受试者将作为他们自己的对照，因为他们参与酒精和安慰剂条件下的三个任务探索抑制控制和选择性注意。此外，在同一个人获得的性格特征将被认为是与神经生理学指标，并可能揭示的特质方面的酒精对大脑的影响和多维性质的抑制控制。这项研究对交通或工作相关的危害有影响，并可能阐明酒精引起的自我调节功能障碍导致酒精滥用和依赖

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a revised application for an NIAAA-sponsored Research Project Grant (R01) entitled "Spatiotemporal Brain Imaging of Alcohol Effects on Inhibitory Control" Problem drinkers often exhibit deficits in self-control and sustained goal-oriented behavior. This observation is consistent with the evidence suggesting that acute intoxication interferes with the ability to evaluate conflicting task demands, inhibit impulsive responses and execute cognitive control. These impairments may result in a decreased ability to exert self restraint, contributing to increased drinking and alcohol dependence. The overall goal of the proposed research is to use multimodal brain imaging to identify the temporal ("when") and spatial ("where") characteristics of the neural circuits subserving inhibitory control and to determine their sensitivity to the acute effects of alcohol. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) will be used in order to determine where the alcohol-induced induced changes are occurring. Excellent temporal resolution of magneto- (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) will elucidate the timing of these abnormalities. Effects of alcohol on both "input" (stimulus evaluation) and "output" (response preparation, inhibition and execution) will be studied concurrently and with the multimodal neuroimaging approach. It is hypothesized that alcohol intoxication primarily disrupts integrated prefrontal circuitry that exerts inhibitory top-down control on behavior. Since the strategic control is exerted via a complex system involving multiple stages of these integrated "input" and "output" streams in addition to error monitoring and regulatory feedback loops, multimodal imaging approach may reveal the real-time stages of the underlying neural areas and their sensitivity to alcohol intoxication. Healthy subjects will serve as their own controls as they participate in alcohol and placebo conditions in three tasks probing inhibitory control and selective attention. In addition, dispositional traits obtained in the same individuals will be considered together with the neurophysiological indices and may reveal the idiosyncratic aspects of alcohol effects on the brain and the multidimensional nature of inhibitory control. This research has ramifications for traffic- or work-related hazards and may elucidate the alcohol-induced impairment of self-regulatory functions contributing to alcohol abuse and dependence