Alcohol and Multimodal Brain Imaging

描述(由申请人提供)： 尽管酒精中毒会在不同程度上影响机体的功能 神经轴，在复杂性或新颖性增加的情况下的执行能力 尤其是受到干扰。酒精可能会干扰认知评估 新的线索和抑制冲动反应的能力，有助于 具有重要社会意义的危害、不良的冲动控制和酒精依赖。 拟议研究的总体目标是确定空间和时间 参与新奇事物加工的大脑回路的特点 去抑制反应，并确定它们对 酒精的急性影响。多模式方法集成了各自的 互补神经影像方法的优势。功能磁学 将使用磁共振成像(FMRI)来确定 在酒精诱导下，变化正在发生。出色的时间分辨率 脑磁图(MEG)和脑电图(EEG)将阐明 这些反常现象。此外，候选人的初步工作表明 同情性唤醒的同时测量对口译至关重要 酒精对新奇事物综合反应的影响。功能性 调查的重点将是酒精对人体的急性破坏作用 支持新颖性处理、抑制控制的分布式神经系统 和唤醒。 健康的受试者将作为他们自己的对照 酒精(低剂量和高剂量)和安慰剂条件下两种不同水平的 任务复杂性。为了实现这些目标，候选人寻求 培训1)功能磁共振测量和分析技术，包括 事件相关功能磁共振设计、皮质重建和多模式整合 2)酒精、药物使用和依赖的精神药理学。这个 综合培训和研究计划将使应聘者能够 独立应用这些多模式成像工具来提高我们对 酒精对大脑的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although alcohol intoxication affects functioning at multiple levels of the neuraxis, executive abilities in situations of increased complexity or novelty are especially disrupted. Alcohol may interfere with cognitive assessment of novel cues and the capacity to inhibit impulsive responses, contributing to the societally-important hazards, poor impulse control and alcohol dependence. The overall goal of the proposed research is to identify spatial and temporal characteristics of the brain circuits involved in novelty processing and response disinhibition and to determine their dose-related sensitivity to the acute effects of alcohol. A multimodal approach integrates respective advantages of complementary neuroimaging methods. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) will be used in order to determine where the alcohol-induced, changes are occurring. Excellent temporal resolution of magneto- (MEG) and electro-encephalography (EEG) will elucidate the timing of these abnormalities. Furthermore, the candidate's preliminary work suggests that concurrent measures of sympathetic arousal are crucial for interpreting the effects of alcohol upon the integrated response to novelty. Functional investigations will focus on the acute disruptive effects of alcohol on the distributed neural systems underlying novelty processing, inhibitory control and arousal. Healthy subjects will serve as their own controls as they participate in alcohol (low and high dose) and placebo conditions at two different levels of task complexity. In order to achieve these goals, the candidate seeks training in 1) fMRI measurement and analytic techniques including event-related FMRI design, cortical reconstruction and multimodal integration and 2) psychopharmacology of alcohol and drug use and dependence. The integrated training and research program will enable the candidate to independently apply these multimodal imaging tools to advance our knowledge of alcohol's effects on the brain.